Tribological Investigation of SiC/Al Composite under Dry Sliding Friction
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摘要: 采用摩擦磨损试验机研究不同滑动距离下的SiC颗粒增强铝基复合材料（SiC体积含量为9%）的摩擦磨损性能。在载荷45 N（5 MPa）、转速200 r/min、转动距离分别为5000 r、10000 r以及20000 r条件下，进行连续干滑动摩擦实验。结果表明：在长程连续干滑动下，其摩擦系数变化可分为磨合区、缓慢上升区、加速上升区3个阶段；随着摩擦距离的增加，基体表面的温度急剧升高，进而发生黏着磨损，产生塑性流变区，多种摩擦方式并存使得该条件下摩擦系数与磨损量均增加。
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关键词:
- SiC颗粒增强铝基复合材料 /
- 干滑动摩擦 /
- 塑性流变区 /
- 摩擦系数 /
- 磨损率
Abstract: The effect of sliding distances on aluminum matrix composite reinforced by silicon carbide particle with volume fraction of 9% was investigated. Friction behavior and wear resistance of the composite with distances of 5000 r, 10000 r and 20000 r were studied under dry sliding conditions of the same speed and load(200 r/min, 45 N). The results show that the friction coefficient in long-range sliding process displays three stages:wearing zone, stable zone and accelerating zone. The matrix surface produces severe adhesion because of the rising temperature and then leads plastic areas, in which both friction coefficient and wear rate are increased. -
图 1 SiC颗粒的原始微观形貌和SiCp/A356复合材料(SiC体积分数为9%，下同)的金相组织及二值化图像(a)SiC颗粒的原始形貌；(b)SiCp/A356复合材料的金相图；(c)SiC颗粒的二值化图像
Figure 1. Original micrograph of SiC particles and morphology of aluminum-based composite (a)original morphology of SiC particles；(b)morphology of the composite；(c)binary microstructure image of SiC particles
图 2 M-2000摩擦磨损试验机夹具与摩擦副示意图
Figure 2. Schematic diagram of friction and wear testing machine fixture
图 3 载荷为45 N(5 MPa)、转度为200 r/min时，SiCp/A356复合材料长程摩擦试验滑动摩擦系数与摩擦距离关系
Figure 3. Friction coefficient of SiCp/A356 composite under different sliding distances (5 MPa，200 r/min)(a)5000r；(b)10000r；(c)20000r
图 4 载荷45 N(5 MPa)、转速200 r/min时，SiCp/A356复合材料(SiC体积分数为9%)磨损率与摩擦距离的关系
Figure 4. Wear rate of SiCp/A356 composite(volume fraction of SiC is 9%) under continuous dry sliding friction(5 MPa，200 r/min)
图 5 载荷5 MPa，转速200 r/min时，SiCp/A356复合材料的磨面形貌、微裂纹与白圈处的EDS(a)裂纹；(b)剥落坑；(c)磨屑；(d)磨屑的EDS
Figure 5. Morphology of sliding surface and EDS spectra of wear debris under continuous dry sliding(5 MPa，200 r/min)(a)microcrack；(b)spalling spot；(c)debris；(d)EDS spectra of wear debris
图 6 载荷为90 N(10 MPa)及180 N(20 MPa)连续摩擦下SiCp/A356复合材料的磨面形貌和白圈处的EDS以及20 MPa下的非连续摩擦磨损磨面形貌 (a)10 MPa；(b)20 MPa；(c)磨屑的EDS；(d)非连续摩擦磨面形貌
Figure 6. Comparation of sliding surface under different loads (a)10 MPa；(b)20 MPa；(c)EDS spectra of wear debris cycled；(d)morphology of incontinuous slidng
表 1 SiCp/A356复合材料摩擦系数与稳定系数
Table 1. Friction coefficient and stability factor of the composite
Distance/r Average friction coeff Stability coeff 5000 0.5782 0.9828 10000 0.6029 0.9528 20000 0.6126 0.9198 
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