Research Progress of High Temperature Microwave Absorption Materials
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摘要: 耐高温雷达隐身材料对提高武器装备的生存能力具有重要意义和实际应用价值。本文总结了耐高温吸波材料的研究进展，详细论述了SiC基无氧陶瓷材料、三元层状化合物、碳材料和金属氧化物高温吸波剂的研究现状，主要介绍了电子结构调控、掺杂、多层结构设计和多孔结构设计等提高材料吸波性能的方法与机制，指出了现阶段高温吸波材料研究中存在高温氧化和变温吸波特性不明晰的问题。最后，展望了耐高温吸波材料应用化和智能化的研究趋势。Abstract: High temperature microwave absorption material is significantly important to improve the viability of advanced weapon and equipment. This paper summarizes the research progress of high temperature microwave absorption materials. The current research status of SiC based oxygen-free ceramic materials, laminated ternary ceramics (MAX phases), carbon materials and metal oxides, including the methods of manipulating the electronic structure, doping, designing multilayer structure and designing porous structure to improve their absorption properties, together with the related mechanism is discussed. Oxidation and unclear mechanisms for microwave absorption performance at high temperature are the main problems in the present research of high temperature microwave absorption materials. Finally, the trend of developing applied research and designing smart high temperature microwave absorption material is also prospected.
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图 1 入射电磁波的三个传输过程示意图
Figure 1. Schematic diagram for three transmission processes of incident electromagnetic wave
图 2 SiC纳米线的HRTEM图像 （a）1400 ℃; （b）1600 ℃;（c）C的K吸收边;（d）C的未占据轨道能量、堆垛层错含量与吸波性能之间的关系
Figure 2. HRTEM images of SiC nanowires （a）1400 ℃, （b）1600 ℃;（c）C K-edge;（d）relationship among the carbon unoccupied DOS, stacking fault content and lowest RL values
图 3 SiC/Co复合纳米线中Si—O—Co键的形成和电子传输示意图（a）和SiC/Co复合纳米线、SiC纳米线与Co的物理混合物和SiC纳米线的吸波性能图（b）
Figure 3. Schematic diagram for formation of Si—O—Co bonds and charge transfer in SiC/Co hybrid nanowires（a）, and electromagnetic wave absorption properties of SiC/Co hybrid nanowires, SiC nanowires and physical mixture of Co, and SiC nanowires（b）
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