TB9钛合金摩擦修正热变形分析和热加工图的建立

王春阳; 王玉会; 李野; 张旺峰

doi:10.11868/j.issn.1005-5053.2021.000125

TB9钛合金摩擦修正热变形分析和热加工图的建立

doi: 10.11868/j.issn.1005-5053.2021.000125

中国航发北京航空材料研究院先进钛合金航空科技重点实验室, 北京100095

详细信息

通讯作者:
王玉会（1977—），女，博士，高级工程师，主要从事钛合金材料研究，联系地址：北京市海淀区温泉镇环山村航材院（100095），E-mail: wyhnoah@126.com

中图分类号: TG146.2
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-07-26
- 录用日期: 2022-01-11
- 修回日期: 2022-03-12
- 网络出版日期: 2022-03-14
- 刊出日期: 2022-04-22

Analysis of hot deformation behavior of TB9 titanium alloy after friction correction and establishment of processing map

Aviation Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Titanium Alloy，AECC Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials，Beijing 100095，China

摘要

摘要: 采用TB9钛合金作为研究对象，在Gleeble-1500热模拟设备上对圆柱试样进行高温等温压缩实验，热压缩温度为750～1000 ℃，应变速率为0.01～10 s⁻¹，对获得的实验结果进行摩擦修正，并根据摩擦修正后的应力-应变曲线绘制热加工图。结果表明：摩擦修正后的应力-应变曲线明显低于修正前的曲线，且随着应变的增加，摩擦修正前后的应力差值逐渐增加；计算获得了经过摩擦修正的真应力-应变曲线$ \sigma {\text{ = }}\frac{{\arcsin h{{[\frac{{\dot \varepsilon \exp (\frac{Q}{{RT}})}}{A}]}^{\frac{1}{n}}}}}{\alpha } $，可用该式预测TB9钛合金在750～1000 ℃，不同应变速率条件下的应力。失稳变形会导致TB9钛合金产生与压缩方向呈约45°的流变局域化区域变形带，合金的组织均匀性较差；在适宜的工艺窗口内热加工，合金主要发生动态再结晶和动态回复，可以改善显微组织，提高合金的性能。根据建立的热加工图，得出了TB9 钛合金的适宜热变形工艺参数为：变形温度850～1000 ℃，应变速率0.01～1 s⁻¹。
- TB9钛合金 /
- 热压缩 /
- 热加工图 /
- 应力修正
Abstract: The hot compression tests of TB9 titanium alloy sample were carried out on Gleeble-1500 thermal simulator at the temperature range of 750-1000 ℃ and the strain rate range of 0.01-10 s⁻¹. The stress-strain curves obtained by the experiment were subjected to friction correction and the processing map was drawn according to the corrected stress-strain curve .The results show that the stress-strain curve after friction correction is obviously lower than that before correction, and the stress difference between them increased with the increase of strain. The corrected stress−strain curve is $ \sigma {\text{ = }}\frac{{\arcsin h{{[\frac{{\dot \varepsilon \exp (\frac{Q}{{RT}})}}{A}]}^{\frac{1}{n}}}}}{\alpha } $, and can used to predict the stress of TB9 titanium alloy under different strain rates at 750 ℃ to 1000 ℃. Instable deformation of TB9 titanium alloy leads to localize the deformation bands which is about 45° to the compression direction appeared, resulting in the inhomogeneous microstructure. Stable deformation during hot working in suitable process window can bring dynamic recrystallization and recovery in the alloy, which can improve the microstructure and properties of the alloy. According to the processing map, the suitable thermal deformation process parameters of TB9 titanium alloy are obtained as follows: deformation temperatures of 850-1000 ℃ at deformation rates of 0.01-1 s⁻¹.
- TB9 titanium alloy /
- hot compression /
- processing map /
- stress–strain curve correction

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图 1 TB9钛合金850 ℃热压缩摩擦修正前后应力-应变曲线对比图

Figure 1. Comparison of stress-strain curves of TB9 titanium alloy before and after friction correction under 850 ℃ hot compression

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图 2 TB9钛合金不同条件下的热压缩应力-应变曲线　（a）0.01 s^–1；（b）0.1 s^–1；（c）1 s^–1；（d）10 s^–1

Figure 2. Hot compression stress-strain curves of TB9 titanium alloy under different conditions　（a）0.01 s^–1；（b）0.1 s^–1；（c）1 s^–1；（d）10 s^–1

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图 3 不同变形温度条件下lnσ-ln$\dot \varepsilon $（a）和σ-ln$\dot \varepsilon $（b）曲线

Figure 3. ln σ-ln$ \dot \varepsilon $（a） and σ-ln$ \dot \varepsilon $（b） curves under different deformation temperatures

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图 4 不同变形温度条件下ln[sinh(ασ)]-ln$\dot \varepsilon $（a）和ln[sinh(ασ)]-1000/T （b）曲线

Figure 4. ln[sinh(ασ)]-ln$ \dot \varepsilon $（a） and ln[sinh(ασ)]-1000/T （b） curves under different deformation temperatures

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图 5 ln Z-ln[sinh(ασ)]曲线

Figure 5. ln Z-ln[sinh(ασ)] curve

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图 6 热模拟流变应力实验结果（线）和计算结果（点）对比（a） 800 ℃；（b） 900 ℃

Figure 6. Comparison of test results (lines) and calculation results (points) （a） 800 ℃; （b） 900 ℃

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图 7 不同应变条件下TB9的热加工图　（a）0.2 ；（b）0.4 ；（c）0.6 ；（d）0.7

Figure 7. Processing maps of TB9 titanium alloy under different strains　（a）0.2；（b）0.4 ；（c）0.6 ；（d）0.7

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图 8 TB9钛合金应变速率0.01 s^–1不同变形温度条件下的等温压缩金相组织　（a）750 ℃ ；（b）800 ℃ ；（c）850 ℃；（d）900 ℃；（e）950 ℃；（f）1000 ℃

Figure 8. Microstructures of TB9 titanium alloy at strain rate 0.01s^–1 under different temperatures　（a）750 ℃；（b）800 ℃ ；（c）850 ℃ ；（d）900 ℃ ；（e） 950 ℃；（f） 1000 ℃

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图 9 TB9钛合金应变速率10 s^–1不同变形温度条件下的等温压缩金相组织　（a）750 ℃ ；（b）800 ℃ ；（c）850 ℃ ；（d）900 ℃ ；（e）950 ℃ ；（f）1000 ℃

Figure 9. Microstructures of TB9 titanium alloy at strain rate 10 s^–1 under different temperatures　（a）750 ℃ ；（b）800 ℃ ；（c）850 ℃；（d）900 ℃；（e）950 ℃；（f）1000 ℃

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图 10 失稳区和稳态变形区热模拟试样的宏观组织　（a）失稳变形区；（b）稳态变形区

Figure 10. Macrostructures in instable deformation zone and stable deformation zone　（a） instable deformation zone; （b） stable deformation zone

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图 11 TB9钛合热加工工艺窗口

Figure 11. Hot working process window of TB9 titanium alloy

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表 1 不同应变条件下计算获得的材料参数

Table 1. Parameters calculated with different strains

ε	α	Q/（J•mol^-1）	n	ln A	R²
0.1	0.00575	225065	3.61	21.68	0.994
0.2	0.00602	222948	3.59	21.45	0.992
0.3	0.00633	224581	3.63	21.61	0.991
0.4	0.00675	225925	3.67	21.71	0.990
0.5	0.00725	229183	3.74	22.02	0.988
0.6	0.00776	232602	3.84	22.37	0.988
0.7	0.00831	238405	3.91	22.96	0.985

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表 2 TB9 钛合金参数和真应变之间的关系式

Table 2. Relationship between parameters and true strains of TB9 titanium alloy

Parameter	Relational	R²
α	–0.00758ε⁴+0.00934ε³-0.000167ε²+0.00210ε+0.00554	0.999
Q	411894ε⁴-684475ε³+448858ε²-111370ε+232310	0.998
n	–2.273ε⁴+1.970ε³+1.000ε²-0.508ε+3.647	0.997
ln A	40.53ε⁴–66.28ε³+43.21ε²–10.88ε+22.39	0.939

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