高低温循环-湿度-荷载耦合作用对碳纤维/环氧树脂复合材料拉伸性能的影响

石建军; 任银银; 贾彬; 刘曹锐; 张佳贺

doi:10.11868/j.issn.1005-5053.2021.000193

高低温循环-湿度-荷载耦合作用对碳纤维/环氧树脂复合材料拉伸性能的影响

doi: 10.11868/j.issn.1005-5053.2021.000193

石建军^{1, 2, ,},
任银银¹,
贾彬^{1, 2},
刘曹锐¹,
张佳贺¹

1.
西南科技大学土木工程与建筑学院, 四川绵阳 621010
2.
中国空气动力研究与发展中心结冰与防除冰重点实验室, 四川绵阳 621000

基金项目: 结冰与防除冰重点实验室开放课题（IADL20190402）；四川省自然科学基金（2022NSFSC0317）

详细信息

通讯作者:
石建军（1985—），男，博士，副教授，研究方向为复合材料力学与多物理场耦合仿真，联系地址：四川省绵阳市涪城区青龙大道59号西南科技大学土木工程与建筑学院（621010），E-mail：stevenarmy@163.com

中图分类号: TB332
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-11-30
- 录用日期: 2022-09-13
- 修回日期: 2022-10-15
- 刊出日期: 2022-12-02

Coupling effect of high and low temperature cycle-humidity-load on tensile properties of carbon fiber/epoxy composites

SHI Jianjun^{1, 2
, ,},
REN Yinyin¹,
JIA Bin^{1, 2},
LIU Caorui¹,
ZHANG Jiahe¹

1.
College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621000, Sichuan，China
2.
Key Laboratory of Icing and Anti/De-icing of Aircraft, China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center, Mianyang 621000, Sichuan，China

摘要

摘要: 研究环氧树脂基碳纤维增强复合材料（EP-CFRP）在荷载及恶劣环境共同作用下的耐久性能。环境因素为 −40~40 ℃ / −40~25 ℃ 2种区间的高低温循环以及湿度(有水浸泡及无水)的影响，荷载为极限荷载的30%和60%。结果表明：“高低温循环-湿度”双因素耦合作用后及“高低温循环-湿度-荷载”三因素耦合作用对EP-CFRP的耐久性影响较大，拉伸强度随高低温循环周期的增加整体呈现先降低再升高再降低的变化趋势，但是峰谷值出现的时间周期相差较大；湿度和荷载水平对EP-CFRP的拉伸模量影响较小；树脂基体与纤维界面产生的微裂纹被证明是导致复合材料后期强度降低的主要原因；湿度-荷载的耦合作用促进裂纹的扩展，加剧了EP-CFRP的损伤。根据损伤分析，采用非线性拟合的方法给出了“高低温循环-湿度-荷载”三因素耦合作用后EP-CFRP的剩余强度损伤模型。
- CFRP /
- 高低温循环 /
- 湿度 /
- 拉伸性能 /
- 剩余强度模型
Abstract: This paper studies the durability of epoxy resin-based-carbon fiber reinforced polymer (EP-CFRP) under the combined action of aggressive environmental conditions and load. Environmental conditions such as high and low temperature cycles of −40-40 ℃ / −40-25 ℃ and humidity (water immersion and no water) are investigated in an unstressed state or loaded in about 30% or 60% of the initial ultimate load. The results indicate that both of the dual-factor coupling of “high and low temperature cycle-humidity” and the three-factor coupling of “high and low temperature cycle-humidity-load” have a greater impact on the durability of EP-CFRP. The tensile strength varies with the cycle of high and low temperature. The overall increase shows a simulated trend of first decreasing, then increasing, and then decreasing; however, the appearance of the peak and valley values are quite different. Humidity and load level have little effect on the tensile modulus of EP-CFRP The microcracks generated at the interface between the resin matrix and the fiber have been proved to be the main reason for the strength reduction at later stage. The coupling effect of humidity and load promotes the expansion of cracks and exacerbates the damage to EP-CFRP. According to the damage analysis, a non-linear fitting method is used to give the residual strength damage model of EP-CFRP after the coupling action of the three factors “high and low temperature cycle-humidity-load”.
- CFRP /
- high and low temperature cycle /
- humidity /
- tensile properties /
- residual strength model

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图 1 试件尺寸图

Figure 1. Dimensional drawing of test piece

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图 2 −40~40 ℃ 及 −40~25 ℃一个周期的温控曲线

Figure 2. Temperature control curve in one cycle of −40-40 ℃ and −40-25 ℃

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图 3 弯曲加载装置

Figure 3. Bend loading device

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图 4 典型工况破坏形貌

Figure 4. Damage morphology under typical working conditions

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图 5 拉伸强度、吸湿率与循环周期关系

Figure 5. Relationship of tensile strength, moisture absorption rate with cycle number

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图 6 弹性模量与循环周期关系

Figure 6. Relationship of elastic modulus with cycle number

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图 7 拉伸破坏形貌

Figure 7. Tensile failure morphology

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图 8 拉伸强度、吸湿率与循环周期关系

Figure 8. Relationship of tensile strength, moisture absorption rate with cycle number

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图 9 弹性模量与循环周期关系

Figure 9. Relationship of elastic modulus with cycle number

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图 10 拉伸强度、吸湿率与循环周期关系

Figure 10. Relationship of tensile strength, moisture absorption rate with cycle number

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图 11 弹性模量与循环周期关系

Figure 11. Relationship of elastic modulus with cycle number

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图 12 不同工况下，EP-CFRP在不同随循环次数下的剩余抗拉强度　（a）−40～40 ℃有水；（b）−40～40 ℃无水；（c）−40～25 ℃有水；（d）−40～40 ℃无水；

Figure 12. Residual tensile strength versus high and low temperature cycles under different conditions　(a) −40-40 ℃+soak；(b)−40-40 ℃+anhydrous；(c)−40-25 ℃+soak；(d)−40-40 ℃+anhydrous.

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表 1 T700SC-12K碳纤维丝的性能指标

Table 1. Performance index of T700SC-12K carbon fiber yarn

Material	Tensile strength / MPa	Tensile modulus / GPa	Fracture elongation / %	Density / （g•cm⁻³）
T700SC-12K	4900	230	2.1	1.8

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表 2 FRD-YG-04环氧树脂预浸料的性能指标

Table 2. Performance index of FRD-YG-04 epoxy resin prepreg

Material	Glass transition temperature / ℃	Tensile strength / MPa
FRD-YG-04	120-130	78

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表 3 软件拟合系数

Table 3. Software fit factor

Working condition		Cycles	H	c	d	Correlation coefficient
−40-40 ℃	Soak	5	0.3376	−0.0238	−0.2448	1
		10	0.1715	0.0910	−0.1241	1
		100	0.5267	0.1564	−2.1078	1
		200	0.0808	0.1927	0.2807	1
		300	0.3841	0.008	−0.0082	1
	Anhydrous	5	0.3508	0.0171	−0.0351	1
		10	0.0884	0.5503	−1.51×10^-7	0.99
		100	9.91717	0.234	−0.2949	1
		200	3.0219	−3.2464	0.8304	0.99
		300	0.4581	0.0123	−0.0128	1
−40-25 ℃	Soak	5	0.2816	0.0954	−0.0868	1
		10	0.2107	0.1088	−0.1035	0.99
		100	−0.4984	0.4784	−0.6000	1
		200	0.6088	−0.0405	0.01327	1
		300	0.3111	0.04958	−0.0756	1
	Anhydrous	5	0.4600	−0.1022	0.0014	0.99
		10	0.3402	−0.0454	0.02637	1
		100	−0.4984	0.8440	−0.6000	0.97
		200	0.6133	-0.0502	0.0001	0.99
		300	0.3878	−0.05806	0.0542	1

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表 4 应力影响系数

Table 4. Stress influence coefficient

Working condition		High and low temperature circulation influence coefficient		Stress influence factor		Correlation coefficient
Working condition		a	b	c	d	Correlation coefficient
−40～40 ℃	Soak	−0.0270	2.2153	0.0849	−0.0193	0.93
−40～40 ℃	Anhydrous	−0.0778	0.3540	−0.4865	0.0975	1
−40～25 ℃	Soak	0.2819	0.7100	0.1383	−0.1705	0.92
−40～25 ℃	Anhydrous	0.3159	0.7160	0.1176	−0.1036	0.89

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表 5 损伤模型

Table 5. Damage model

Working condition		Damage model
−40～40 ℃	Soak	$R(n) = {\sigma _{\text{0} } } - 0.23{\sigma _{\text{0} } }{{\rm{e}}^{\frac{0.0849}{- 0.0193 + s} } } ( - 0.0270)\tan (2.2153n)$
−40～40 ℃	Anhydrous	$R(n) = {\sigma _{\text{0} } } - 0.23{\sigma _{\text{0} } }{{\rm{e}}^{\frac{ { - 0.4865} }{ {0.0975 + s} } } }( - 0.0778)\tan (0.3540n)$
−40～25 ℃	Soak	$R(n)={\sigma }_{\text{0} }-0.23{\sigma }_{\text{0} }{{\rm{e}}}^{\frac{0.1383}{ -0.1705+s} }0.7100\mathrm{tan}(0.2819n)$
−40～25 ℃	Anhydrous	$R(n) = {\sigma _{\text{0} } } - 0.23{\sigma _{\text{0} } }{{\rm{e}}^{\frac{0.1176}{- 0.1036+ s} } }0.3159\tan (0.7160n)$

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