Research progress on the characterization of irradiation damage defects and performance control of titanium alloy
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摘要: 在高能粒子撞击和级联效应作用下,金属材料内部会产生不同类型的辐照损伤缺陷。辐照损伤缺陷的聚集和演化会破坏内部结构稳定性,恶化金属材料综合力学性能。钛合金由于其轻质高强、耐高温和较低的辐照活性等优势,是很有发展前景的抗辐照材料。本文针对如何提高钛合金抗辐照损伤性能的问题,总结钛合金辐照损伤缺陷表征及其力学响应的研究进展,分析辐照损伤缺陷的形成演化规律以及辐照剂量、温度和元素种类等对缺陷迁移、聚集的影响机制,讨论辐照诱导钛合金微观组织演化,进而产生辐照硬化、辐照脆化和辐照蠕变等辐照损伤效应,归纳评价钛合金抗辐照损伤性能,以及现有研究中缺乏有效抑制辐照损伤产生的方法,作者认为成分调控以及界面微观组织结构设计是提高钛合金抗辐照性能的有效策略。Abstract: Under the high-energy particle impingement and cascade effect, different types of radiation damage defects occur in metals. The aggregation and evolution of radiation damage defects can lead to the destruction of the internal structural stability and the deterioration of their properties of metals. Titanium alloy is a promising radiation resistant alloy due to its advantages of light weight, high strength, high temperature resistance and low radiation activity. Aiming at the improvement of the radiation damage resistance, this work summarizes the research progress on the radiation damage defects, the microstructural features and mechanical properties of titanium alloys. In addition, the formation and evolution of radiation damage defects and the influence mechanism of radiation dose, temperature and element species on defect migration and aggregation are analyzed. The microstructure evolution of titanium alloys induced by irradiation and the radiation damage effects such as radiation hardening, radiation embrittlement and radiation creep are discussed. The radiation damage resistance properties of titanium alloys are summarized and evaluated. The existing researches are lack effective methods to inhibit the radiation damage. Finally, the effective strategies to improve the radiation resistance of titanium alloys through composition regulation and interface microstructure design are prospected.
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Key words:
- titanium alloys /
- radiation damage /
- defect /
- microstructure /
- mechanical property
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图 1 辐照剂量对Kr 离子辐照Ti-44Al钛合金缺陷类型的影响[23] (a) 位错线;(b) 微小的点缺陷;(c)点缺陷和短的面缺陷;(d) 点缺陷和面缺陷尺寸和数量增加;(e) 点缺陷和面缺陷聚集长大;(f)、(g) 点缺陷尺寸增加但数量减少,面缺陷尺寸和数量均增加;(h)、(i) 大量的面缺陷
Figure 1. Effect of irradiation dose on defect types of Ti-44Al titanium alloys irradiated by Kr ions[23] (a) dislocation lines; (b) tiny point defects; (c) point defects and short plane defects; (d) increased number and size of point and plane defects; (e) growing point and plane defects ; (f) ,(g) point defects increased in size but decreased in number, and surface defects increased in size and number; (h) ,(i) a large number of surface defects
图 2 不同辐照温度对He离子辐照纯钛中氦泡数量和尺寸的影响[36] (a) 340 ℃大量细小的球形氦泡;(b) 410 ℃氦泡数量减少但尺寸增大;(c) 500 ℃大量氦泡聚集长大形成多面体氦泡
Figure 2. Effect of irradiation temperature on number and size of helium bubbles in pure titanium irradiated by He ions[36] (a) tiny spherical helium bubbles at 340 ℃; (b) the number decreases and the size increases at 410 ℃;(c) spherical helium bubbles accumulate and grow to form polyhedral helium bubbles at 500 ℃
图 3 3 dpa中子辐照剂量下Ti6Al4V中不同的辐照缺陷 (a)富V析出相[44];(b) 纳米析出相[37]; (c) 300 ℃下的V元素偏聚[24];(d) 430 ℃下的V元素偏聚[24]
Figure 3. Different irradiation defects in Ti6Al4V at 3dpa neutron irradiation dose (a) V-rich precipitates [44] ; (b) nano-precipitates [37]; (c) V element segregation at 300 ℃[24]; (d) V element segregation at 430 ℃[24]
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