航空发动机复合材料声衬声学模型构建及吸声性能仿真

杨智勇; 侯鹏; 蒋文革; 杨磊; 左小彪; 耿东兵; 朱中正; 李华

doi:10.11868/j.issn.1005-5053.2022.000151

航空发动机复合材料声衬声学模型构建及吸声性能仿真

doi: 10.11868/j.issn.1005-5053.2022.000151

1.
航天材料及工艺研究所，北京 100076
2.
沈阳发动机研究所，沈阳 110015
3.
上海交通大学材料科学与工程学院，上海 200240

基金项目: 上海市优秀学术带头人（21XD1401400）

详细信息

通讯作者:
李华（1977—），男，博士，研究员，主要从事结构/功能一体化与多功能复合材料研究，联系地址：上海市东川路800号上海交通大学材料D楼331（200240），E-mail: lih@sjtu.edu.cn

中图分类号: V231
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- 文章访问数: 45
- HTML全文浏览量: 9
- PDF下载量: 15
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-09-15
- 修回日期: 2022-11-08
- 网络出版日期: 2023-10-18
- 刊出日期: 2023-10-01

Construction of acoustic model and simulation of sound absorption of aero-engine composite acoustic liner

1.
Aerospace Research Institute of Materials & Processing Technology, Beijing 100076, China
2.
Shenyang Engine Research Institute, Shenyang 110015, China
3.
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China

摘要

摘要: 声衬是降低发动机噪声的重要组件。本工作计算不同流场状态下管道模态声源特征，并以此作为Actran软件背景流场计算及声传播计算的输入边界，建立声传播模型，研究单自由度声衬与双自由度声衬消音板孔直径、孔间距、蜂窝高度和消音板厚度4种结构参数对吸声效果的影响规律。仿真结果表明：两种自由度声衬都表现出在一定孔直径范围内穿孔直径越小，吸声性能越好的现象；孔间距、蜂窝高度和消音板厚度对吸声性能的影响随频率变化；在2500 Hz以上双自由度声衬耗散功率较大，吸声效果好。通过在流管实验对比验证，比较不同结构声衬在不同激励源下的传递损失，得到合理可信的仿真方法。
- 声衬 /
- 单自由度 /
- 双自由度 /
- 降噪量
Abstract: Acoustic liner is an important component to reduce engine noise. In this work, the modal sound source characteristics of the pipeline under different flow fields were calculated and used as the input boundary for the background flow field calculation and sound propagation calculation of the Actran software, thereby establishing the sound propagation model. The influences of four structural parameters on the sound absorption effect of the muffler plate hole diameter, hole spacing, honeycomb height, and muffler plate thickness in the single-DOF acoustic liner and the double-DOF acoustic liner were studied respectively. The simulation results show that both degrees of freedom acoustic liners exhibit the phenomenon that the smaller the perforation diameter, the better the sound absorption performance within a certain range of hole diameter. The effects of hole spacing, honeycomb height, and muffler thickness on the sound absorption performance are varied with frequency, the double-DOF acoustic liner above 2500 Hz has large dissipation power and good sound absorption effect. Through the contrast verification in the flow tube test, the transmission loss of the acoustic liner of different structures under different excitation sources is compared, and a reasonable and credible simulation method is obtained.
- acoustic liner /
- single-DOF /
- double-DOF /
- noise reduction amount

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图 1 有流计算模型示意图

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of calculation model with flow

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图 2 仿真技术路线

Figure 2. Simulation technology approach

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图 3 实验台示意图

Figure 3. Schematic diagram of test bench

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图 4 流场计算模型　（a）边界条件；（b）速度云图；（c）压力云图

Figure 4. Flow field calculation model　（a）boundary conditions；（b）velocity nephogram；（c）pressure nephogram

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图 5 声学仿真模型示意图　（a）无流计算模型；（b）边界条件

Figure 5. Schematic diagram of acoustic simulation model　（a）calculation model without flow；（b）boundary conditions

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图 6 Actran背景流场计算　（a）边界条件；（b）计算结果

Figure 6. Calculation of Actran background flow field　（a）boundary conditions；（b）calculation results

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图 7 背景流场插值结果示例

Figure 7. Examples of background flow field interpolation results

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图 8 不同工况下不同声阻抗模型传递损失对比（a）工况1；（b）工况2；（1）声模态（22，1）；（2）声模态（44，1），

Figure 8. Comparison of transmission loss of different acoustic impedance models in different working conditions（a）working condition 1；（b）working condition 2；（1）mode（22，1）；（2）mode（44，1）

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图 9 单自由度声衬结构参数对声衬耗散功率的影响　（a）消音板直径；（b）孔间距；（c）蜂窝高度；（d）消音板厚度声

Figure 9. Influence of structural parameters of SDOF acoustic liner on the dissipated power of acoustic liner　（a）muffler diameters；（b）hole spacing；（c）honeycomb heights；（d）muffler thickness

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图 10 双自由度声衬结构参数对声衬耗散功率的影响　（a）消音板直径；（b）孔间距；（c）第Ⅰ层蜂窝高度；（d）第Ⅱ层蜂窝高度；（e）消音板厚度；（f）自由度

Figure 10. Influences of structural parameters of DDOF acoustic liner on dissipated power of acoustic liner　（a）muffler diameters；（b）hole spacing；（c）level Ⅰ honeycomb heights；（d）level Ⅱ honeycomb heights；（e）muffler thickness；（f）degree of freedom

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图 11 传递损失对比

Figure 11. Transmission loss comparison

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表 1 试件状态流场参数

Table 1. State flow field parameters of test pieces

State	1BPF/ Hz	2BPF/ Hz	Density/ （kg·m⁻³）	Speed of sound/ （m·s⁻¹）	Average velocity/ （m·s⁻¹）	Sound pressure level of acoustic liner wall/dB	1BPF sound source surface circumferential mode/ sound power level	2BPF sound source circumferential mode/ sound power level
1	2377	4754	1.14	335.69	120.02	167	22/165	44/164
2	2843	5687	1.08	335.69	154.52	143.25	22/166	44/163
3	3060	6120	1.05	334.08	170.94	119.75	22/174	44/154

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表 2 流场结果

Table 2. Flow field results

State	Average density of acoustic liner/ （kg·m⁻³）	Sound velocity of acoustic liner/ （m·s⁻¹）	Average velocity of acoustic liner/ （m·s⁻¹）
1	1.15	335.86	119.40
2	1.11	333.35	150.00
3	1.08	331.85	166.41

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表 3 风扇出口流场结果

Table 3. Fan outlet flow field results

State	Average fan outlet speed/（m·s⁻¹）	Fan outlet density/ （kg·m⁻³）	Fan outlet sound speed/（m·s⁻¹）
1	128.38	1.14	335.20
2	163.31	1.08	332.15
3	181.67	1.05	330.24

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表 4 实验状态参数

Table 4. Test state parameters

State	1BPF /Hz	Density/ （kg·m⁻³）	Speed of sound/（m·s⁻¹）	Average velocity/（m·s⁻¹）	Sound pressure level of acoustic liner wall/dB	1BPF sound source surface circumferential mode/sound power level /dB
3	3060	1.05	334.08	170.94	119.75	22/174

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表 5 声衬结构参数

Table 5. Acoustic liner structure parameters

Type	Muffler hole spacing/mm	Muffler thickness/mm	Muffler hole diameter/mm	Honeycomb thickness/mm	Sandwich perforated plate diameter/mm	Sandwich perforated board spacing/mm	Sandwich perforated plate thickness/mm
DDOF	3.7	1.2	1.5	25.2（Ⅰ） 38.3（Ⅱ）	1.8	3	0.5
SDOF	3.7	1.2	1.5	64	—	—	—

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表 6 声衬结构参数变化

Table 6. Variation of acoustic liner structure parameters

Hole spacing/ mm	Hole diameter/ mm	Muffler thickness/ mm	Layer Ⅰ honeycomb height / mm	Layer Ⅱ honeycomb height / mm	SDOF acoustic liner honeycomb height / mm
1	1.5	0.5	12.35	12.35	12.35
3.7	1.8	1.2	25.2	25.2	25.2
7	2	1.8	38.3	38.3	64

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表 7 平板试样参数明细

Table 7. Details of parameters of flat samples

Serial number	Hole spacing/ mm	Muffler thickness/ mm	Hole diameter/ mm	honeycomb height/mm	Sandwich perforated plate diameter/mm	Sandwich perforated board spacing/mm	Sandwich perforated plate thickness/mm
Ⅰ	7	1.2	2	25.2	—	—	—
Ⅱ	7	1.2	2	64	—	—	—
Ⅲ（double layer）	3.7	1.2	1.5	25.2（Ⅰ）/ 38.3（Ⅱ）	1.8	3	0.5
Ⅳ	3.7	1.2	1.5	25.2	—	—	—
Ⅴ（double layer）	3.7	1.2	1.5	12.35/12.35	1.8	3	0.5

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表 8 传递损失对比

Table 8. Transmission loss comparison

Acoustic liner parameters	Simulation		Acoustic liner sample	110 dB		120 dB		130 dB		140 dB		150 dB
Acoustic liner parameters	2377 Hz	4754 Hz	Acoustic liner sample	2377 Hz	4754 Hz	2377 Hz	4754 Hz	2377 Hz	4754 Hz	2377 Hz	4754 Hz	2377 Hz	4754 Hz
Ⅰ	56.1	48.7	N2	22.2	5.3	30.1	4.7	27.3	4.9	30.3	5.7	23.9	6.5
Ⅱ	44.2	45	N3	7.3	4.9	7.1	4.7	7	4.8	7.6	5	8.3	5.4
Ⅲ	43.3	43.7	N4	6.4	8.6	8	6.5	6.8	7.5	6.1	9.3	6.7	11
Ⅳ	63.6	47.6	N5	4.9	11.1	4	10	4.1	12.4	5.3	11.5	7.1	9.8
Ⅴ	63.5	47.4	N6	14	8.1	12.3	8.5	13.8	9.2	13.7	9.6	12.6	9.7

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