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1Effect of Rare Earth Y on Microstructure and Properties of Sn-58Bi Solder Alloy
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2Research Progress in Preparation and Crystallization Technologies of Amorphous ITO Film
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3Effect of Mo content on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of IN718 Alloy
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4Research Progress and Application Perspectives of 4D Printing
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5Research Progress in Cemented Carbide with Co-Ni-Al Composite Binder Phase
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6Progress on Self-Healing and Structure-Wave Absorbing Integration of Silicon Carbide Ceramic Matrix Composites
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72018-04-Catalog
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8Research Process in Plasma Spray Physical Vapor Deposited Thermal Barrier Coatings
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9Novel Ceramic Materials for Thermal Barrier Coatings
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10Effect of Hot Deformation on PPB Precipitations and Microstructure in P/M Superalloy FGH96
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11Research Progress of Metal-Intermetallic Laminated Composites
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12Research Progress on Deployable Structures of Shape Memory Polymer Composites
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13Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of ZrC-TaC Ceramic Prepared by Hot Pressing Sintering
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142018-03-Catalog
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15Defect Control and Curing Process Simulation for T700/603 Composites
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16Current Study and Novel Ideas on Magnesium Matrix Composites
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1Effect of Filler Systems on Properties of Fluororubber Vulcanized by Peroxide
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2Research Process in Plasma Spray Physical Vapor Deposited Thermal Barrier Coatings
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3First-principle Calculations of Mechanical Properties of Al2Cu, Al2CuMg and MgZn2 Intermetallics in High Strength Aluminum Alloys
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4Current Study and Novel Ideas on Magnesium Matrix Composites
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5Effect of Rare Earth Y on Microstructure and Properties of Sn-58Bi Solder Alloy
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6Progress in Amorphous Transparent Conducting Oxide Thin Films
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72018-02-Catalog
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8Research and Application Progress of Silicone Rubber Materials in Aviation
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9High Temperature Titanium Alloys：Status and Perspective
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10Failure and Protection of Thermal Barrier Coating under CMAS Attack
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11Effect of Parameters of HRS Process on Microstructure of DZ466 Ni-based Superalloy
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12Additive Manufacture of Metamaterials: a Review
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13Synthesis and Properties of 1-decene Oligomer Lubricant
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14Effect of Hot Deformation on PPB Precipitations and Microstructure in P/M Superalloy FGH96
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15Novel Ceramic Materials for Thermal Barrier Coatings
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16Research Progress in Cemented Carbide with Co-Ni-Al Composite Binder Phase
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Available online
, doi: 10.11868/j.issn.1005-5053.2018.000077
Abstract:
Coupling agent is one of the most common surface modifiers which are widely used in the field of absorbing material. Modification of absorbing material by coupling agent is the research hotspot. Herein, the absorbing material was prepared and modified by two kinds of absorbents (Ba(Zn1-xCox)2Fe16O27 and CIP) and AMEO coupling agent. The effect of absorbent modification on the macrostructure of absorbents was investigated by SEM. The electromagnetic properties of Ba(Zn1-xCox)2Fe16O27 and CIP were tested and discussed in detail. The difference between theoretical value and actual value of electromagnetic properties of absorbers was discussed by effective medium theory. The experimental results shown that the absorbent modification can adjust the electromagnetic properties of absorbing material. The reflectivity of absorbing material after modification was less than –10 dB in the range of 8 GHz to 18 GHz and showed a minimum reflection of –14.5 dB.
Coupling agent is one of the most common surface modifiers which are widely used in the field of absorbing material. Modification of absorbing material by coupling agent is the research hotspot. Herein, the absorbing material was prepared and modified by two kinds of absorbents (Ba(Zn1-xCox)2Fe16O27 and CIP) and AMEO coupling agent. The effect of absorbent modification on the macrostructure of absorbents was investigated by SEM. The electromagnetic properties of Ba(Zn1-xCox)2Fe16O27 and CIP were tested and discussed in detail. The difference between theoretical value and actual value of electromagnetic properties of absorbers was discussed by effective medium theory. The experimental results shown that the absorbent modification can adjust the electromagnetic properties of absorbing material. The reflectivity of absorbing material after modification was less than –10 dB in the range of 8 GHz to 18 GHz and showed a minimum reflection of –14.5 dB.
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Available online
, doi: 10.11868/j.issn.1005-5053.2018.000071
Abstract:
Effects of alloying elements on the equilibrium precipitated phases, incipient and final melting temperature of Mar-M247 superalloy were studied through thermodynamic calculation. The results show that the main phases are γ' precipitates, MC, M6C, M23C6 carbides, μ phase, MB2 and M3B2 borides. Hf and Ta segregate more seriously during solidification process. Around the composition range, Cr, Mo, Ti and Hf influence the initial melting temperature most. Precipitation temperature and precipitation amount of carbides increase linearly with the inerense of the C content. Furthermore, Hf, Ti and Ta are contributed to the precipitation of MC carbides, Cr improves the precipitation of M23C6 and W and Mo are beneficial to the precipitation of M6C. The precipitation of μ phase is mainly influenced by Mo and W, the precipitation temperature and mass fraction of μ phase increase as the content of Mo and W increase. The precipitation behavior of γ' phase is affected by Al, Ti and Ta contents, and their effects decrease in turn.
Effects of alloying elements on the equilibrium precipitated phases, incipient and final melting temperature of Mar-M247 superalloy were studied through thermodynamic calculation. The results show that the main phases are γ' precipitates, MC, M6C, M23C6 carbides, μ phase, MB2 and M3B2 borides. Hf and Ta segregate more seriously during solidification process. Around the composition range, Cr, Mo, Ti and Hf influence the initial melting temperature most. Precipitation temperature and precipitation amount of carbides increase linearly with the inerense of the C content. Furthermore, Hf, Ti and Ta are contributed to the precipitation of MC carbides, Cr improves the precipitation of M23C6 and W and Mo are beneficial to the precipitation of M6C. The precipitation of μ phase is mainly influenced by Mo and W, the precipitation temperature and mass fraction of μ phase increase as the content of Mo and W increase. The precipitation behavior of γ' phase is affected by Al, Ti and Ta contents, and their effects decrease in turn.
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Available online
, doi: 10.11868/j.issn.1005-5053.2017.00081
Abstract:
Laser shock treatment is a kind of advanced surface strengthening technology for metallic materials, and its remarkable strengthening effect has been verified and universally accepted in many different metallic materials. In order to prevent the influence of laser shock on the shape size of precision parts or make use of the technology to introduce plastic deformation of metallic materials, it is necessary to study the deformation criterion of materials under laser shock. In this paper, the deformation law of different materials treated by laser shock is analyzed, and based on the limitation of deformation mechanisms, such as stress gradient and shock bending, in interpreting the laser shock-induced deformation phenomenon, the necessity of basic research on material deformation caused by laser shock is proposed. The effect of many factors such as laser parameters and impact modes, constraint modes on the laser shock-induced deformation is summarized, and it is proved that the adjustment and optimization of multiple parameters plays an important role in controlling laser shock-induced deformation degree. Moreover, this paper analyzes the advantages of numerical simulation method in the study of laser shock-induced deformation, and puts forward the urgency of establishing a material constitutive model adapting to high strain rate deformation and perfecting the simulation of laser plasma formation process. The development of laser shock deformation law in advanced manufacturing industry is prospected through the introduction of the sizing technology of laser shock, and the research directions of the deformation calibration based on laser shock and the on-line monitoring of deformation degree are presented.
Laser shock treatment is a kind of advanced surface strengthening technology for metallic materials, and its remarkable strengthening effect has been verified and universally accepted in many different metallic materials. In order to prevent the influence of laser shock on the shape size of precision parts or make use of the technology to introduce plastic deformation of metallic materials, it is necessary to study the deformation criterion of materials under laser shock. In this paper, the deformation law of different materials treated by laser shock is analyzed, and based on the limitation of deformation mechanisms, such as stress gradient and shock bending, in interpreting the laser shock-induced deformation phenomenon, the necessity of basic research on material deformation caused by laser shock is proposed. The effect of many factors such as laser parameters and impact modes, constraint modes on the laser shock-induced deformation is summarized, and it is proved that the adjustment and optimization of multiple parameters plays an important role in controlling laser shock-induced deformation degree. Moreover, this paper analyzes the advantages of numerical simulation method in the study of laser shock-induced deformation, and puts forward the urgency of establishing a material constitutive model adapting to high strain rate deformation and perfecting the simulation of laser plasma formation process. The development of laser shock deformation law in advanced manufacturing industry is prospected through the introduction of the sizing technology of laser shock, and the research directions of the deformation calibration based on laser shock and the on-line monitoring of deformation degree are presented.
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Available online
, doi: 10.11868/j.issn.1005-5053.2017.00035
Abstract:
The governing differential equations of Ceramic-based functionally graded material (FGM) circular plate with linear variable thickness along the radius in thermal environment were established. The thermal post-buckling behaviors of variable thickness FGM circular plate made of Ceramic and Metal in thermal environment were proposed by shooting method technique. The equilibrium paths of the FGM variable thickness circular plate subjected to uniform temperature rise and heat conduction are presented. The influence of ceramic gradient index and thickness variation coefficient on post buckling behavior is discussed. The numerical results show that the thermal critical load of non-uniform temperature rise is less than the one under uniform load. The change of radial thickness does not affect the thermal critical load value, but that will affect the post-buckling equilibrium path. The center deflection increases with the increase of variable thickness coefficient.
The governing differential equations of Ceramic-based functionally graded material (FGM) circular plate with linear variable thickness along the radius in thermal environment were established. The thermal post-buckling behaviors of variable thickness FGM circular plate made of Ceramic and Metal in thermal environment were proposed by shooting method technique. The equilibrium paths of the FGM variable thickness circular plate subjected to uniform temperature rise and heat conduction are presented. The influence of ceramic gradient index and thickness variation coefficient on post buckling behavior is discussed. The numerical results show that the thermal critical load of non-uniform temperature rise is less than the one under uniform load. The change of radial thickness does not affect the thermal critical load value, but that will affect the post-buckling equilibrium path. The center deflection increases with the increase of variable thickness coefficient.
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2018, 38(5): 1 -9
doi: 10.11868/j.issn.1005-5053.2018.001015
Abstract:
In order to meet the need of high thrust ratio aero engine working in long term thermal oxidation environment and the stealth requirement of key thermal structural components of aero engine, silicon carbide ceramic matrix composites are developed towards crack self-healing and structure-wave absorbing integration. In this paper, the design principles of silicon carbide ceramic matrix composites in strengthening and toughening, crack self-healing and electromagnetic wave absorption are introduced. The research progress in these three aspects is reviewed. The future development trend of structural and functional CMC-SiC is the combination of high strength and toughness, self-healing antioxidation and electromagnetic wave absorption.
In order to meet the need of high thrust ratio aero engine working in long term thermal oxidation environment and the stealth requirement of key thermal structural components of aero engine, silicon carbide ceramic matrix composites are developed towards crack self-healing and structure-wave absorbing integration. In this paper, the design principles of silicon carbide ceramic matrix composites in strengthening and toughening, crack self-healing and electromagnetic wave absorption are introduced. The research progress in these three aspects is reviewed. The future development trend of structural and functional CMC-SiC is the combination of high strength and toughness, self-healing antioxidation and electromagnetic wave absorption.
2018, 38(5): 10 -23
doi: 10.11868/j.issn.1005-5053.2018.000049
Abstract:
Nanoporous metals are the of porous metal materials with pore sizes ranging from 0.1-100 nm. Because of its unique porous structure, high specific surface area, and high conductivity, nanoporous metals have wide applications in many fields. In this article, several common methods for preparing nanoporous metals are summarized, they are template method, dealloying method and electrochemical method. The dealloying method is mainly introduced, including the recent advances in liquid metal dealloying and gas phase dealloying. The development status and related research work of nanoporous metals in surface-enhanced Raman scattering, catalysis, and supercapacitor are detailed. Finally, through the discussion of the simulations and experiments of the mechanical properties of nanoporous metals,the research trends and main problems of the mechanical properties of nanoporous metals are analyzed. From now on, realizing the 3D performance of materials through microstructure will become the development trend of smart materials. Nanoporous metal is an important material microstructure, and the technology will develop more and more maturely in the future. In the future research of nanoporous metals, the following two directions will receive wide attention: using a prepared nanoporous metal as a template and using a cheaper alloy as a precursor.
Nanoporous metals are the of porous metal materials with pore sizes ranging from 0.1-100 nm. Because of its unique porous structure, high specific surface area, and high conductivity, nanoporous metals have wide applications in many fields. In this article, several common methods for preparing nanoporous metals are summarized, they are template method, dealloying method and electrochemical method. The dealloying method is mainly introduced, including the recent advances in liquid metal dealloying and gas phase dealloying. The development status and related research work of nanoporous metals in surface-enhanced Raman scattering, catalysis, and supercapacitor are detailed. Finally, through the discussion of the simulations and experiments of the mechanical properties of nanoporous metals,the research trends and main problems of the mechanical properties of nanoporous metals are analyzed. From now on, realizing the 3D performance of materials through microstructure will become the development trend of smart materials. Nanoporous metal is an important material microstructure, and the technology will develop more and more maturely in the future. In the future research of nanoporous metals, the following two directions will receive wide attention: using a prepared nanoporous metal as a template and using a cheaper alloy as a precursor.
2018, 38(5): 24 -35
doi: 10.11868/j.issn.1005-5053.2018.000035
Abstract:
Transparent conductive oxide films have been widely used in liquid crystal displays, solar cells, electrochromic windows, gas sensors, curtain wall glass, heat-transfer glass for aircraft and high-speed trains (de-icing and defogging). The study of its preparation and treatment methods is also crucial and important. In order to prepare a highly transmissive and highly conductive ITO film, it is generally obtained by two methods: a crystalline high-quality thin film is deposited by a high-temperature preparation method directly, and an amorphous film is deposited at room temperature and then heat-treated. However, for substrates that are not resistant to high temperatures, they cannot be exposed to high temperatures for long periods of time. Therefore, it is significant to study the rapid heat treatment crystallization method, aiming at not only ensuring the application requirements of the ITO film, but also reducing the adverse effect of the crystallization method on the substrate. According to different application backgrounds and application requirements, selecting the appropriate preparation method and crystallization method are the key issues to obtaining highly transmissive and highly conductive films. This paper summarizes the current research progress of crystallization methods of ITO transparent conductive oxide films both at home and abroad. By comparing the mechanism, advantages and disadvantages of different thin film crystallization methods, it is found that the infrared annealing, laser annealing, and flash lamp annealing can achieve rapid crystallization of the thin film, and the temperature of substrate is lower than the temperature of film during the process. These methods are expected to replace the conventional furnace annealing crystallization method used in current commercial production for improving production efficiency, saving production costs, obtaining high-quality and high-performance transparent conductive oxide film. These methods are expected to be more widely used.
Transparent conductive oxide films have been widely used in liquid crystal displays, solar cells, electrochromic windows, gas sensors, curtain wall glass, heat-transfer glass for aircraft and high-speed trains (de-icing and defogging). The study of its preparation and treatment methods is also crucial and important. In order to prepare a highly transmissive and highly conductive ITO film, it is generally obtained by two methods: a crystalline high-quality thin film is deposited by a high-temperature preparation method directly, and an amorphous film is deposited at room temperature and then heat-treated. However, for substrates that are not resistant to high temperatures, they cannot be exposed to high temperatures for long periods of time. Therefore, it is significant to study the rapid heat treatment crystallization method, aiming at not only ensuring the application requirements of the ITO film, but also reducing the adverse effect of the crystallization method on the substrate. According to different application backgrounds and application requirements, selecting the appropriate preparation method and crystallization method are the key issues to obtaining highly transmissive and highly conductive films. This paper summarizes the current research progress of crystallization methods of ITO transparent conductive oxide films both at home and abroad. By comparing the mechanism, advantages and disadvantages of different thin film crystallization methods, it is found that the infrared annealing, laser annealing, and flash lamp annealing can achieve rapid crystallization of the thin film, and the temperature of substrate is lower than the temperature of film during the process. These methods are expected to replace the conventional furnace annealing crystallization method used in current commercial production for improving production efficiency, saving production costs, obtaining high-quality and high-performance transparent conductive oxide film. These methods are expected to be more widely used.
2018, 38(5): 36 -46
doi: 10.11868/j.issn.1005-5053.2016.000192
Abstract:
This article summarizes the preparation and functionalization of graphene, and introduces the fabrication methods of graphene/NBR nanocomposites including emulsion blending, solution blending, and mechanical blending. The mechanical properties, cure characteristics, fatigue properties, electrical conductivity, thermal behavior, tribological properties along with gas barrier properties are reviewed. With the further study of the molecular interaction between graphene and NBR, the structure and properties graphene/NBR are gradually perceived. Finally, it is pointed out that the development of graphene/NBR nanocomposites in the fields of medium corrosion resistance, radiation resistance, damping and flame retardancy has more room to be expanded.
This article summarizes the preparation and functionalization of graphene, and introduces the fabrication methods of graphene/NBR nanocomposites including emulsion blending, solution blending, and mechanical blending. The mechanical properties, cure characteristics, fatigue properties, electrical conductivity, thermal behavior, tribological properties along with gas barrier properties are reviewed. With the further study of the molecular interaction between graphene and NBR, the structure and properties graphene/NBR are gradually perceived. Finally, it is pointed out that the development of graphene/NBR nanocomposites in the fields of medium corrosion resistance, radiation resistance, damping and flame retardancy has more room to be expanded.
2018, 38(5): 47 -58
doi: 10.11868/j.issn.1005-5053.2018.000022
Abstract:
The application background of Co-Ni-Al composite binder phase in cemented carbide was introduced. The latest research results of Co-based superalloy and the properties of cemented carbide with binder strengthened by ordered phase were briefly described. The application of integrated computational material engineering in the research and development of Co-Ni-Al composite binder was introduced. The progress in the preparation, microstructure characterization and performance of WC-Co-Ni-Al cemented carbides were summarized. The results show that the composition of Co-Ni-Al composite binder has obvious influence on the solid-liquid interface energy and the liquid-phase nucleation driving force of the alloy. Accordingly, the grain size of the binder phase and the grain morphology of WC are affected. Ultimately these factors affect the performance of the alloy. It is pointed out that the performance of cemented carbide strengthened by ordered γ′ phase precipitation can be improved significantly. It is expected to obtain high-performance cemented carbide materials with excellent high-temperature resistance, corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance. It is proposed that the interfacial microstructure, the relationship between C content and precipitation phase and the anti-wear mechanism of cemented carbide with Co-Ni-Al composite binder phase should be emphasized in future.
The application background of Co-Ni-Al composite binder phase in cemented carbide was introduced. The latest research results of Co-based superalloy and the properties of cemented carbide with binder strengthened by ordered phase were briefly described. The application of integrated computational material engineering in the research and development of Co-Ni-Al composite binder was introduced. The progress in the preparation, microstructure characterization and performance of WC-Co-Ni-Al cemented carbides were summarized. The results show that the composition of Co-Ni-Al composite binder has obvious influence on the solid-liquid interface energy and the liquid-phase nucleation driving force of the alloy. Accordingly, the grain size of the binder phase and the grain morphology of WC are affected. Ultimately these factors affect the performance of the alloy. It is pointed out that the performance of cemented carbide strengthened by ordered γ′ phase precipitation can be improved significantly. It is expected to obtain high-performance cemented carbide materials with excellent high-temperature resistance, corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance. It is proposed that the interfacial microstructure, the relationship between C content and precipitation phase and the anti-wear mechanism of cemented carbide with Co-Ni-Al composite binder phase should be emphasized in future.
2018, 38(5): 59 -66
doi: 10.11868/j.issn.1005-5053.2018.000083
Abstract:
Based on the laminar composite structure, the hardness distribution pattern and crack arrest property of Rapana venosa shell, bionic layered composite materials were prepared via hot-pressing sintering by using B4C/5083Al system and pure 5083Al as materials. The microstructure and mechanical properties were investigated by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and universal tester. The results show that on the macroscopic level, the bionic layered composite material has a multi-layered structure which is composed of hard layer of B4C/5083Al and flexible layer of 5083Al. The bionic composites exhibit " soft and hard” distribution characteristic of hardness. On the microscopic level, the hard layer of B4C/5083Al consists of B4C and 5083Al matrix, and B4C is staggered and interlinked in 5083Al matrix with combination of "soft and hard" properties. The bionic layered composites own higher compressive strength and impact toughness, and the layered overlapping structure can reset the direction of crack in the next layer, which lead the crack deflection phenomena and high impact resistance.
Based on the laminar composite structure, the hardness distribution pattern and crack arrest property of Rapana venosa shell, bionic layered composite materials were prepared via hot-pressing sintering by using B4C/5083Al system and pure 5083Al as materials. The microstructure and mechanical properties were investigated by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and universal tester. The results show that on the macroscopic level, the bionic layered composite material has a multi-layered structure which is composed of hard layer of B4C/5083Al and flexible layer of 5083Al. The bionic composites exhibit " soft and hard” distribution characteristic of hardness. On the microscopic level, the hard layer of B4C/5083Al consists of B4C and 5083Al matrix, and B4C is staggered and interlinked in 5083Al matrix with combination of "soft and hard" properties. The bionic layered composites own higher compressive strength and impact toughness, and the layered overlapping structure can reset the direction of crack in the next layer, which lead the crack deflection phenomena and high impact resistance.
2018, 38(5): 67 -73
doi: 10.11868/j.issn.1005-5053.2018.000032
Abstract:
A low-density steel Fe-20Mn-10Al-1.0C with high strength of 1350 MPa was developed. The mechanical properties and microstructure evolutions of Fe-20Mn-10Al-1.0C steel under various heat treatment conditions were investigated by means of optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction and high resolution electron microscopy. The results show that the alloy goes through spinodal decomposition leading to the L′12 ordered phase-κ′ carbide (Fe, Mn)3AlCx formation. After solution-treatment at 950 ℃, diffused precipitates of (Fe, Mn)3AlCx with the sizes of 2-5 nm are formed inside the austenite substrate. After the subsequent ageing process, the size of κ′ carbides is increased, and the particles tend to be aligned and agglomerated along the <100> directions with the aging temperature increases. Periodic modulated structures are finally formed into resembling regular "checkered lattice". Ordering effect strengthening by the nano-sized κ′ carbides and elastic misfit strengthening by spinodal decomposition cause a high tensile strength up to 1350 MPa with a good elongation, and the density is lower than 6.80 g/cm 3.
A low-density steel Fe-20Mn-10Al-1.0C with high strength of 1350 MPa was developed. The mechanical properties and microstructure evolutions of Fe-20Mn-10Al-1.0C steel under various heat treatment conditions were investigated by means of optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction and high resolution electron microscopy. The results show that the alloy goes through spinodal decomposition leading to the L′12 ordered phase-κ′ carbide (Fe, Mn)3AlCx formation. After solution-treatment at 950 ℃, diffused precipitates of (Fe, Mn)3AlCx with the sizes of 2-5 nm are formed inside the austenite substrate. After the subsequent ageing process, the size of κ′ carbides is increased, and the particles tend to be aligned and agglomerated along the <100> directions with the aging temperature increases. Periodic modulated structures are finally formed into resembling regular "checkered lattice". Ordering effect strengthening by the nano-sized κ′ carbides and elastic misfit strengthening by spinodal decomposition cause a high tensile strength up to 1350 MPa with a good elongation, and the density is lower than 6.80 g/cm 3.
2018, 38(5): 74 -79
doi: 10.11868/j.issn.1005-5053.2017.000196
Abstract:
Zirconium carbide which is a kind of ultra high temperature ceramics has broad application prospects in the aerospace, nuclear technology, electronics and other fields. In order to improve the sintering properties and mechanical properties of ZrC ceramics, using ZrO2 powder and TaO2 powder as raw materials, TaC and ZrC solid solution powder were prepared by carbon thermal reduction, and the hot pressing sintering process was used to prepare ZrC-TaC ceramics. The effect of the sintering temperature on the solid solution behavior, densification behavior, tissue structure and mechanical properties was studied. The results show that the TaC in ZrC solid solubility is enhanced when the temperature is increased from 2000 ℃ to 2050 ℃.When TaC content is increased from 5% to 15%, the density of the composite, vickers hardness, fracture toughness and elastic modulus are decreased monotonously, and the bending strength has no apparent rule.
Zirconium carbide which is a kind of ultra high temperature ceramics has broad application prospects in the aerospace, nuclear technology, electronics and other fields. In order to improve the sintering properties and mechanical properties of ZrC ceramics, using ZrO2 powder and TaO2 powder as raw materials, TaC and ZrC solid solution powder were prepared by carbon thermal reduction, and the hot pressing sintering process was used to prepare ZrC-TaC ceramics. The effect of the sintering temperature on the solid solution behavior, densification behavior, tissue structure and mechanical properties was studied. The results show that the TaC in ZrC solid solubility is enhanced when the temperature is increased from 2000 ℃ to 2050 ℃.When TaC content is increased from 5% to 15%, the density of the composite, vickers hardness, fracture toughness and elastic modulus are decreased monotonously, and the bending strength has no apparent rule.
2018, 38(5): 80 -87
doi: 10.11868/j.issn.1005-5053.2018.000019
Abstract:
The microstructure and chemical composition of the burning-on layer of the directionally solidified blade of the DZ22B superalloy were studied by means of SEM and EDS. The results show that the metal ceramic like sand defects are formed by a part of ceramic particles covered during the infiltration of metal to shell surface pores. The main component of the burning-on layer composes fused corundum, with some interfacial reaction products containing Cr2O3 and HfO2. According to the results of SEM analysis of blade cross section, the mechanism of the burning-on of the DZ22B directionally solidified blade is mainly caused by thermo mechanical permeation. A certain amount of burning-on inhibitor is added to the shell surface slurry, which significantly improves the penetration resistance of the fused corundum shell surface. The casting verifies that the surface of the DZ22B directionally solidified blade is smooth without burning-on, and the metallic luster on the blade surface is obviously observed.
The microstructure and chemical composition of the burning-on layer of the directionally solidified blade of the DZ22B superalloy were studied by means of SEM and EDS. The results show that the metal ceramic like sand defects are formed by a part of ceramic particles covered during the infiltration of metal to shell surface pores. The main component of the burning-on layer composes fused corundum, with some interfacial reaction products containing Cr2O3 and HfO2. According to the results of SEM analysis of blade cross section, the mechanism of the burning-on of the DZ22B directionally solidified blade is mainly caused by thermo mechanical permeation. A certain amount of burning-on inhibitor is added to the shell surface slurry, which significantly improves the penetration resistance of the fused corundum shell surface. The casting verifies that the surface of the DZ22B directionally solidified blade is smooth without burning-on, and the metallic luster on the blade surface is obviously observed.
2018, 38(5): 88 -95
doi: 10.11868/j.issn.1005-5053.2018.000008
Abstract:
The precipitate phases of electron beam welded joint in GH141/GH907 superalloy dissimilar materials were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS). The welded joint contains GH141 heat affected zone, GH907 heat affected zone and weld area. The results indicate that there is no new precipitate phase in the heat affected zones of electron beam welding. Under the current heat treatment process, the precipitate phases of GH141 heat affected zone are square granular γ′ phases which are covered in matrix densely, thick massive MC type carbides with random distribution and the M6C type carbides which are precipitated mostly in the grain boundaries. Precipitate phases of GH907 heat affected zone are needle shaped ε phases covered in matrix densely and block G phases Nb3Ni2Si which are dispersed distribution. Precipitate phases of weld area are different from the two kinds of welding materials. One of them is a new needle shaped phase which has parallel or staggered distribution, and the other one is a tiny square or ellipsoid granular new precipitate phase which is proved to be orthogonal crystal system NbTi4 phase.
The precipitate phases of electron beam welded joint in GH141/GH907 superalloy dissimilar materials were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS). The welded joint contains GH141 heat affected zone, GH907 heat affected zone and weld area. The results indicate that there is no new precipitate phase in the heat affected zones of electron beam welding. Under the current heat treatment process, the precipitate phases of GH141 heat affected zone are square granular γ′ phases which are covered in matrix densely, thick massive MC type carbides with random distribution and the M6C type carbides which are precipitated mostly in the grain boundaries. Precipitate phases of GH907 heat affected zone are needle shaped ε phases covered in matrix densely and block G phases Nb3Ni2Si which are dispersed distribution. Precipitate phases of weld area are different from the two kinds of welding materials. One of them is a new needle shaped phase which has parallel or staggered distribution, and the other one is a tiny square or ellipsoid granular new precipitate phase which is proved to be orthogonal crystal system NbTi4 phase.
2018, 38(5): 96 -101
doi: 10.11868/j.issn.1005-5053.2016.000233
Abstract:
The operating temperature of advanced aeroturbine engine increases rapidly for higher working efficiency. Thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) with high temperature capability and thermal insulation effect are required. In this work, a novel multilayer TBCs consisting of rare-earth element doped YSZ and YSZ sublayers were designed and fabricated. The influence of microstructure to the phase structure, thermal conductivity and infrared reflectivity of the coatings were investigated. The results show that a preferred orientation of (200) is yielded in the coating. With the increase of layers, the thermal conductivity of the coating decreases and the infrared reflectivity increases respectively. The multilayer coating with 200 sublayers exhibits a thermal conductivity of 1.1-1.16 W/m·K, 11% lower than that of the conventional single layer coating. The infrared reflectivity of the coating reaches as high as 48%-55%.
The operating temperature of advanced aeroturbine engine increases rapidly for higher working efficiency. Thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) with high temperature capability and thermal insulation effect are required. In this work, a novel multilayer TBCs consisting of rare-earth element doped YSZ and YSZ sublayers were designed and fabricated. The influence of microstructure to the phase structure, thermal conductivity and infrared reflectivity of the coatings were investigated. The results show that a preferred orientation of (200) is yielded in the coating. With the increase of layers, the thermal conductivity of the coating decreases and the infrared reflectivity increases respectively. The multilayer coating with 200 sublayers exhibits a thermal conductivity of 1.1-1.16 W/m·K, 11% lower than that of the conventional single layer coating. The infrared reflectivity of the coating reaches as high as 48%-55%.
2018, 38(5): 102 -107
doi: 10.11868/j.issn.1005-5053.2017.000188
Abstract:
Weibull distribution is one of the most common statistical methods used to deal with and analyze the fatigue life, but in the study of contact fatigue life of coating, most scholars established the Weibull distribution model without multivariate statistical analysis, which affected the accuracy of the model to a certain extent. In this work, NiCrBSi alloy coating was deposited on steel (AISI 1045) substrate using supersonic plasma spraying technique. Rolling contact fatigue (RCF) life of the coating was investigated using a ball-on-disc tester under different loads. The contact fatigue life of the coating was verified by Fan-Montfort test. The results show that the RCF life of different loads accords with Weibull distribution. The map of Weibull distribution failure probability is plotted. The coating failure probability at any number of cycles under the same working conditions can be observed intuitively through the map. The regression equation of RCF life and loading is established, it shows that the logarithm of characteristic life is linear associated with the loading, and the regression model can accurately characterize the contact fatigue life of coatings in a certain range.
Weibull distribution is one of the most common statistical methods used to deal with and analyze the fatigue life, but in the study of contact fatigue life of coating, most scholars established the Weibull distribution model without multivariate statistical analysis, which affected the accuracy of the model to a certain extent. In this work, NiCrBSi alloy coating was deposited on steel (AISI 1045) substrate using supersonic plasma spraying technique. Rolling contact fatigue (RCF) life of the coating was investigated using a ball-on-disc tester under different loads. The contact fatigue life of the coating was verified by Fan-Montfort test. The results show that the RCF life of different loads accords with Weibull distribution. The map of Weibull distribution failure probability is plotted. The coating failure probability at any number of cycles under the same working conditions can be observed intuitively through the map. The regression equation of RCF life and loading is established, it shows that the logarithm of characteristic life is linear associated with the loading, and the regression model can accurately characterize the contact fatigue life of coatings in a certain range.
2018, 38(5): 108 -115
doi: 10.11868/j.issn.1005-5053.2017.000117
Abstract:
Corrosion damage has a severe impact on security and reliability of the aircraft components. It is worthy to study environment suitability of the materials for planes transferring along the coast annually. The corrosion damage of the aluminum alloy ZL105 in the corrosive immersion environment was studied by referring to the environment parameters of the accelerated corrosion test spectrum. In order to obtain the average pitting depth and surface self-corrosion current density, the corrosion damage morphology was observed and electrochemical measurements after every immersion cycle were carried out. By fitting analysis, corrosion dynamics curves of corrosion rate symbolized by average pit depth and surface self-corrosion current density were acquired. Meanwhile, a quantitative comparison was implemented to analyze change rules of the two corrosion rates by using non-dimensional normalization, and it was figured out that the two normalized corrosion rates had a significant correlation and the correlation parameter was 0.969. Differences of the two curves were reasonably explained according to ZL105 corrosion damage morphology observations and the relevant mathematical pitting model.
Corrosion damage has a severe impact on security and reliability of the aircraft components. It is worthy to study environment suitability of the materials for planes transferring along the coast annually. The corrosion damage of the aluminum alloy ZL105 in the corrosive immersion environment was studied by referring to the environment parameters of the accelerated corrosion test spectrum. In order to obtain the average pitting depth and surface self-corrosion current density, the corrosion damage morphology was observed and electrochemical measurements after every immersion cycle were carried out. By fitting analysis, corrosion dynamics curves of corrosion rate symbolized by average pit depth and surface self-corrosion current density were acquired. Meanwhile, a quantitative comparison was implemented to analyze change rules of the two corrosion rates by using non-dimensional normalization, and it was figured out that the two normalized corrosion rates had a significant correlation and the correlation parameter was 0.969. Differences of the two curves were reasonably explained according to ZL105 corrosion damage morphology observations and the relevant mathematical pitting model.
2018, 38(5): 116 -122
doi: 10.11868/j.issn.1005-5053.2016.000171
Abstract:
The aluminum alloy surface was treated through three different processes. The bonding strength of GFRP-aluminum under hygrothermal environment with different surface treatments was tested and was arranged with the order of anodizing > silane coupling agent > sand blasting. The effects of hygrothermal environment and surface treatment on repair effects were also studied by tensile tests of GFRP and GFRP reinforced aluminum. The results show that the tensile strength, elastic modulus and break elongation of GFRP decrease after wet and heat treatments. After different surface treatments, the initial loads of repaired specimens increase with the order of anodizing > silane coupling agent > sand blasting. The bearing capacities of the specimens repaired by different surface treatments are reduced to different degrees under hygrothermal environment. For sand blasting specimen, the declining of bonding strength of the resin-aluminum is the main cause of the declining of bearing capacity, and damage mainly occurs in the interface. For the silane coupling agent and anodic specimen, damage occurs mainly in the resin-GFRP interface, the mechanical property of resin-aluminum interface is better than that of resin-GFRP.
The aluminum alloy surface was treated through three different processes. The bonding strength of GFRP-aluminum under hygrothermal environment with different surface treatments was tested and was arranged with the order of anodizing > silane coupling agent > sand blasting. The effects of hygrothermal environment and surface treatment on repair effects were also studied by tensile tests of GFRP and GFRP reinforced aluminum. The results show that the tensile strength, elastic modulus and break elongation of GFRP decrease after wet and heat treatments. After different surface treatments, the initial loads of repaired specimens increase with the order of anodizing > silane coupling agent > sand blasting. The bearing capacities of the specimens repaired by different surface treatments are reduced to different degrees under hygrothermal environment. For sand blasting specimen, the declining of bonding strength of the resin-aluminum is the main cause of the declining of bearing capacity, and damage mainly occurs in the interface. For the silane coupling agent and anodic specimen, damage occurs mainly in the resin-GFRP interface, the mechanical property of resin-aluminum interface is better than that of resin-GFRP.
2018, 38(5): 123 -131
doi: 10.11868/j.issn.1005-5053.2018.000037
Abstract:
According to the energy conversion relationship during the lightning strike, a lightning damage analysis model based on coupled electrical-thermal simulation for composites was established. The variation of electrical conductivity of the composite with pyrolysis was considered in the model. By means of the model, the lightning ablation damage of the composite material with multiple changes of conductivity was compared in three directions. The results show that under the same lightning current parameters, the electrical conductivity changes of composite materials in different directions have different effects on the ablation damage caused by lightning strikes. When the electrical conductivity along the fiber direction increases, both the apparent damage area and the damage depth decreased. While the electrical conductivity perpendicular to the fiber direction increases, the apparent damage area increased and the damage depth decreased. When the electrical conductivity along the thickness increases, the apparent damage area increased and the damage depth increased. When the conductivity along any of the three directions increases , the total damage volume of the composite decreased. When the conductivity of each direction increases by 1, 2, 3 orders of magnitude, the greatest changes in damage volume are observed along the fiber direction, which are decreased by 47.83 %, 75.08 % and 97.82 % respectively, followed by changes along the thickness direction, which are decreased by 36.25 %, 53.44 % and 65.54 %, and the least changes are perpendicular to the fiber direction, which are reduced by 8.72. %, 12.58 % and 24.76 %. The increase of the conductivity of the composite material play a significant role in lightning strike protection. A comprehensive assessment of the lightning protection effect requires a combination of two-dimensional damage and three-dimensional damage.
According to the energy conversion relationship during the lightning strike, a lightning damage analysis model based on coupled electrical-thermal simulation for composites was established. The variation of electrical conductivity of the composite with pyrolysis was considered in the model. By means of the model, the lightning ablation damage of the composite material with multiple changes of conductivity was compared in three directions. The results show that under the same lightning current parameters, the electrical conductivity changes of composite materials in different directions have different effects on the ablation damage caused by lightning strikes. When the electrical conductivity along the fiber direction increases, both the apparent damage area and the damage depth decreased. While the electrical conductivity perpendicular to the fiber direction increases, the apparent damage area increased and the damage depth decreased. When the electrical conductivity along the thickness increases, the apparent damage area increased and the damage depth increased. When the conductivity along any of the three directions increases , the total damage volume of the composite decreased. When the conductivity of each direction increases by 1, 2, 3 orders of magnitude, the greatest changes in damage volume are observed along the fiber direction, which are decreased by 47.83 %, 75.08 % and 97.82 % respectively, followed by changes along the thickness direction, which are decreased by 36.25 %, 53.44 % and 65.54 %, and the least changes are perpendicular to the fiber direction, which are reduced by 8.72. %, 12.58 % and 24.76 %. The increase of the conductivity of the composite material play a significant role in lightning strike protection. A comprehensive assessment of the lightning protection effect requires a combination of two-dimensional damage and three-dimensional damage.
2018, 38(5): 132 -137
doi: 10.11868/j.issn.1005-5053.2018.000002
Abstract:
CYCOM 7701/7781 fiberglass epoxy fabric prepreg was used to fabricate the composite lamina specimens through medium temperature curing process. The specimens were categorized into three groups. The tensile strength of unnotched and open-hole specimens, the compressive strength of unnotched and open-hole specimens, and the compressive strength after impact were respectively tested under three conditions of cold temperature dry (CTD), room temperature dry (RTD), and elevated temperature wet (ETW). The effects of impact and open hole on typical mechanical properties of CYCOM 7701/7781 composite lamina were studied. The results show that the open-hole makes the average tensile strength decrease by about 50% under the CTD, RTD and ETW conditions, and decreases the coefficients of variation of the tensile strength. Impact damage and open-hole have similar disadvantageous effects on the average compressive strength under CTD and RTD environment conditions, which decrease the average compressive strength by about 45%-55%, while the impact damage and open-hole have different effects on the compressive strength under ETW condition. The compressive strength is decreased about 50% by the open-hole and about 30% by the impact damage under ETW condition. It is indicating that the effect of open-hole condition is more severe than that of impact damage condition under ETW condition.
CYCOM 7701/7781 fiberglass epoxy fabric prepreg was used to fabricate the composite lamina specimens through medium temperature curing process. The specimens were categorized into three groups. The tensile strength of unnotched and open-hole specimens, the compressive strength of unnotched and open-hole specimens, and the compressive strength after impact were respectively tested under three conditions of cold temperature dry (CTD), room temperature dry (RTD), and elevated temperature wet (ETW). The effects of impact and open hole on typical mechanical properties of CYCOM 7701/7781 composite lamina were studied. The results show that the open-hole makes the average tensile strength decrease by about 50% under the CTD, RTD and ETW conditions, and decreases the coefficients of variation of the tensile strength. Impact damage and open-hole have similar disadvantageous effects on the average compressive strength under CTD and RTD environment conditions, which decrease the average compressive strength by about 45%-55%, while the impact damage and open-hole have different effects on the compressive strength under ETW condition. The compressive strength is decreased about 50% by the open-hole and about 30% by the impact damage under ETW condition. It is indicating that the effect of open-hole condition is more severe than that of impact damage condition under ETW condition.
2018, 38(5): 138 -146
doi: 10.11868/j.issn.1005-5053.2017.000133
Abstract:
To investigate the failure behavior of open-hole carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP) under the circumstance of tensile loading, three-dimensional Hashin failure criteria was adopted to predict damage initiation, and a stiffness degradation method based on progressive damage theory was proposed to assess the damage evolution. The subroutine UMAT was developed to numerically analyze the loading capacity and failure behavior of open-hole CFRP laminates under tension. The numerical prediction of ultimate loading capacity and failure procedure are compared with the experimental data, and the results are indentical. Therefore, the effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed method are validated.
To investigate the failure behavior of open-hole carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP) under the circumstance of tensile loading, three-dimensional Hashin failure criteria was adopted to predict damage initiation, and a stiffness degradation method based on progressive damage theory was proposed to assess the damage evolution. The subroutine UMAT was developed to numerically analyze the loading capacity and failure behavior of open-hole CFRP laminates under tension. The numerical prediction of ultimate loading capacity and failure procedure are compared with the experimental data, and the results are indentical. Therefore, the effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed method are validated.
2018, 38(5): 147 -152
doi: 10.11868/j.issn.1005-5053.2017.000160
Abstract:
The properties such as dent depth, residual compressive strength and compressive failure strain of 3 groups of T800 carbon fiber composite laminates with the same layer ratio and different thicknesses were tested. The results show that there inflection points are existed both in impact energy-dent depth curves and dent depth-residual compression strength curves. The inflection points of the 3 groups are at the depths of 0.70 mm, 0.76 mm and 0.45 mm respectively, which are less than the depth of dent (1.3 mm) corresponding to barely visible impact damage (BVID). With the same ply ratio, the greater the thickness of composite laminates, the better the impact damage resistance.
The properties such as dent depth, residual compressive strength and compressive failure strain of 3 groups of T800 carbon fiber composite laminates with the same layer ratio and different thicknesses were tested. The results show that there inflection points are existed both in impact energy-dent depth curves and dent depth-residual compression strength curves. The inflection points of the 3 groups are at the depths of 0.70 mm, 0.76 mm and 0.45 mm respectively, which are less than the depth of dent (1.3 mm) corresponding to barely visible impact damage (BVID). With the same ply ratio, the greater the thickness of composite laminates, the better the impact damage resistance.
1994, 14(1): 49-55
1998, 18(4): 52-61
2000, 20(1): 55-61
2003, 23(1): 57-62
2002, 22(2): 49-53
2005, 25(4): 10-15,19
2005, 25(1): 25-29,35
2018, 38(4): 101-108
doi: 10.11868/j.issn.1005-5053.2018.000007
2018, 38(5): 24-35
doi: 10.11868/j.issn.1005-5053.2018.000035
2018, 38(4): 64-74
doi: 10.11868/j.issn.1005-5053.2018.000025
2018, 38(2): 70-76
doi: 10.11868/j.issn.1005-5053.2018.001005
2018, 38(5): 47-58
doi: 10.11868/j.issn.1005-5053.2018.000022
2018, 38(2): 1-9
doi: 10.11868/j.issn.1005-5053.2018.001008
2018, 38(2): 10-20
doi: 10.11868/j.issn.1005-5053.2018.001001
2018, 38(3): 40-45
doi: 10.11868/j.issn.1005-5053.2017.000207
2018, 38(4): 37-46
doi: 10.11868/j.issn.1005-5053.2017.000204
2018, 38(4): 47-55
doi: 10.11868/j.issn.1005-5053.2017.000159
2018, 38(5): 74-79
doi: 10.11868/j.issn.1005-5053.2017.000196
2018, 38(4): 115-122
doi: 10.11868/j.issn.1005-5053.2017.000002
2018, 38(4): 26-36
doi: 10.11868/j.issn.1005-5053.2018.001013
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Address：P.Q.BOX 81-44,Beijing 100095,China
Telephone：010-62496277 E-mail：hkclxb@biam.ac.cn
Supported by Beijing Renhe Information Technology Co. LtdTechnical support：info@rhhz.net