PAN原丝取向行为与初生纤维结构的相关性

阮如玉; 徐德华; 梁子; 徐樑华

doi:10.11868/j.issn.1005-5053.2017.000211

PAN原丝取向行为与初生纤维结构的相关性

doi: 10.11868/j.issn.1005-5053.2017.000211

北京化工大学碳纤维及功能高分子教育部重点实验室，北京100029

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金联合基金（U1362205）

详细信息

通讯作者:
徐樑华（1960—），男，教授，主要从事聚丙烯腈碳纤维的研究，（E-mail）xulh@mail.buct.edu.cn

中图分类号: TQ342⁺.31
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2018-01-02
- 修回日期: 2018-02-26
- 网络出版日期: 2019-01-21
- 刊出日期: 2019-02-01

Correlation between orientation behavior of polyacrylonitrile precursor and structure of nascent fiber

The Key Laboratory of Education Ministry on Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymer, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China

摘要

摘要: 通过改变浓度、温度等凝固浴条件，获得取向行为不同的PAN原丝，采用声速法测定原丝的取向结构，使用X射线衍射仪、光学显微镜对PAN初生纤维的聚集态结构、截面形貌进行表征，建立原丝取向与初生纤维结构的相关性。依据取向度随牵伸倍数变化对数拟合曲线的斜率，定义原丝的分子链取向能力a，研究a与初生纤维结晶度的关联性。结果表明：初生纤维结晶度越高，PAN原丝可牵伸性越小，在同一牵伸倍数下纤维全取向度越高；原丝最大牵伸倍数受初生纤维径向结构影响显著，在凝固浴浓度74%时出现极大值；高溶剂含量的纤维分子链取向能力大于低溶剂含量的纤维；原丝的分子链取向能力随初生纤维结晶度增大而增大。
- PAN原丝 /
- 取向行为 /
- 初生纤维结构 /
- 凝固浴条件
Abstract: Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) precursors with different orientation behaviors were prepared by changing the coagulation bath conditions such as concentration and temperature. The orientation structure of the PAN precursor was determined by the method of sound velocity. X-ray diffraction and optical microscopy were used to investigate the crystalline structure and morphological characterization of nascent fiber, and the correlation between orientation of precursor and structure of nascent fiber was established. The molecular chain orientation ability " a” was defined as the slope of the logarithmic fitting curve of the degree of orientation varying with the drafting ratio, and the relationship between " a” and the crystallinity of nascent fiber was studied. The results show that the higher crystallinity nascent fiber has, the lower drawing ability PAN precursor has, and the higher degree of orientation has under the same drafting ratios. The maximum drafting factor of polyacrylonitrile precursor is significantly affected by radial structure of nascent fiber, it reaches the local maximum when the coagulation bath concentration is 74%. The fiber with high solvent content has higher molecular chain orientation ability than the fiber with low solvent content. The molecular chain orientation ability of precursor increases with the crystallinity of nascent fiber.
- polyacrylonitrile precursor /
- orientation behavior /
- structure of nascent fiber /
- coagulation bath condition

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图 1 PAN原丝取向行为随凝固浴浓度变化图　（a）取向度；（b）最大牵伸倍数

Figure 1. Relational graph of orientation behavior with coagulation bath concentration　（a）degree of orientation；（b）maximum drawing ratio

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图 2 不同凝固浴浓度下初生纤维截面的扫描照片

Figure 2. Cross-sections of nascent fibers under different coagulation concentrations　（a）70%；（b）72%；（c）74%；（d）76%；（e）78%

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图 3 原丝取向行为和初生纤维结晶度随凝固浴浓度变化图　（a）取向度；（b）最大牵伸倍数

Figure 3. Graph of varition of orientation behavior of fibers and crystallinity of nascent fibers with coagulation bath concentration　（a）degree of orientation；（b）maximum drawing ratio

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图 4 PAN原丝取向行为随凝固浴温度变化图　（a）取向度；（b）最大牵伸倍数

Figure 4. Relational graph of orientation behavior with coagulation bath temperature　（a）degree of orientation；（b）maximum drawing ratio

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图 5 原丝取向行为和初生纤维结晶度随凝固浴温度变化图　（a）取向度；（b）最大牵伸倍数

Figure 5. Graph of varition of orientation behavior of fibers and crystallinity of nascent fibers with coagulation bath temperature　（a）degree of orientation；（b）maximum drawing ratio

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图 6 凝固浴浓度为74%时不同溶剂含量原丝取向度随牵伸倍数变化图

Figure 6. Change of degree of orientation of fibers with different solvent contents at drawing ratio of 74%

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图 7 对数拟合纤维取向行为示意图

Figure 7. Diagram of logarithm fitting for orientation of fiber

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图 8 原丝分子链取向能力a和初生纤维结晶度随凝固浴温度变化图

Figure 8. Orientation ability of molecular chain and crystallinity of nascent fibers with coagulation bath temperature

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图 9 原丝取向度与初生纤维结晶度相关性

Figure 9. Relationship between orientation of fibers and crystallinity of nascent fibers

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