合金成分对TA15钛合金组织及力学性能的影响

隋楠; 曹京霞; 黄旭; 高帆; 谭启明

doi:10.11868/j.issn.1005-5053.2018.000098

合金成分对TA15钛合金组织及力学性能的影响

doi: 10.11868/j.issn.1005-5053.2018.000098

中国航发北京航空材料研究院先进钛合金航空科技重点实验室，北京 100095

基金项目: ××××基金项目（编号）

详细信息

通讯作者:
隋楠（1993—），女，助理工程师，硕士，主要从事高温钛合金材料研究工作，（E-mail）18810952025@163.com

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2018-08-22
- 修回日期: 2018-12-13
- 网络出版日期: 2018-12-10
- 刊出日期: 2019-02-01

Effect of composition on microstructure and mechanical properties of TA15 titanium alloy

Aviation Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Titanium Alloys, AECC Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials, Beijing 100095, China

摘要

摘要: 为分析TA15钛合金成分的微小变化与显微组织和力学性能之间的响应关系，利用电子万能拉力试验机和分离式霍普金森压杆（SHPB）装置测量了4种不同成分TA15钛合金的室温准静态拉伸性能和动态力学性能，结果表明：Zr元素对室温拉伸强度性能影响微弱，随着主合金元素Al、V和Mo元素含量的增加，初生α相含量减小，次生α相片层较细，合金的强度提高，塑性下降；在临界应变率范围内，合金成分的微小变化对动态力学性能的影响微弱，提高主合金元素Al、Zr、V和Mo元素含量，有利于提高合金的临界应变率，且在此临界应变率下具有优异的动态力学性能；对于空冷条件下获得的等轴组织TA15钛合金，初生α相体积分数越小、次生α相片层较细时有利于室温抗拉强度、临界应变率和动态力学性能的提高。
- TA15钛合金 /
- 合金成分 /
- 显微组织 /
- 力学性能
Abstract: To analyze the relationship between composition, microstructure and mechanical properties of TA15 titanium alloys, the quasi-static tensile properties and dynamic properties at room temperature of four kinds of TA15 titanium alloys were studied by the electronic universal tensile testing machine and split hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB). The results reveal that the Zr content has little effect on the tensile strength at room temperature, moreover, with the increase of content of main alloy elements Al, V and Mo, the content of primary α phase decreases and the lamella width of secondary α phase is thinner which provide higher strength and lower plasticity. Slight changes in alloy composition have little effect on dynamic mechanical properties within the critical strain rate range. Increasing the content of main alloy elements Al, Zr, V and Mo is beneficial to improve the critical strain rate, at which the alloy has excellent dynamic mechanical properties. For equiaxed TA15 titanium alloys obtained under air cooling condition, the smaller volume fraction of primary α phase and thinner lamella of secondary α phase can improve the tensile strength, critical strain rate and dynamic mechanical properties at room temperature.
- TA15 titanium alloy /
- alloy composition /
- microstructure /
- mechanical properties

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图 1 4种TA15合金热处理后显微组织

Figure 1. Microstructures of 4 kinds of TA15 alloys after heat treatment　（a）1^#；（b）2^#；（c）3^#；（d）4^#

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图 2 4 种 TA15 合金次生α相形态

Figure 2. Morphologies of secondary α phase of 4 kinds of TA15 alloys　（a)1^#；（b）2^#；（c）3^#；（d）4^#

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图 3 不同成分TA15钛合金动态压缩后变形特征

Figure 3. Deformation characteristics of TA15 titanium alloys with different compositions after dynamic compression　（a）（2700 ± 100）s^–1 and （3000 ± 100）s^–1；（b）critical strain rate

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图 4 不同成分TA15钛合金的真应力-应变曲线

Figure 4. True stress-strain curves of TA15 titanium alloys with different compositions　（a）（2700 ± 100） s^–1；

（b）（3000 ± 100） s^–1；（c）critical strain rate

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表 1 TA15钛合金成分（质量分数/%）

Table 1. Compositions of TA15 titanium alloys（mass fraction/%）

Alloy	Al	Zr	Mo	V	O	Ti
1^#	6.85	2.04	1.20	1.04	0.11	Bal.
2^#	6.88	1.66	1.21	1.04	0.13	Bal.
3^#	6.87	1.67	0.81	1.04	0.13	Bal.
4^#	6.94	1.65	1.23	1.51	0.13	Bal.

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表 2 4 种 TA15 合金的微观组织参数

Table 2. Microstructure parameters of 4 kinds of TA15 alloys

Alloy	Content of primary α phase /%	Lamella width of secondary α phase/μm
1^#	67.82	0.683
2^#	69.63	0.695
3^#	76.44	0.803
4^#	61.41	0.585

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表 3 4 种 TA15 合金热处理后的拉伸性能

Table 3. Tensile properties of 4 kinds of TA15 alloys after heat treatment

Alloy	R_m/MPa	A/%	R_m/MPa (calculated by equivalent formula)
1^#	933	18.1	921
2^#	935	15.9	940
3^#	927	17.6	920
4^#	952	14.9	959

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表 4 不同成分TA15钛合金在（2700 ± 100） s^–1、（3000 ± 100） s^–1及临界应变率下的σ、ε 及E

Table 4. Dynamic strength, dynamic strain and absorbed energy of TA15 titanium alloys with different compositions at （2700 ± 100） s^–1、（3000 ± 100） s^–1 and critical strain rate

Alloy	(2700 ± 100) s^–1			(3000 ± 100) s^–1			Critical strain rate
Alloy	σ/MPa	ε	E/(J·cm^–3)	σ/MPa	ε	E/(J·cm^–3)	${\dot \varepsilon _{\rm c}}$	σ/MPa	ε	E/(J·cm^–3)
1^#	1490	0.21	309	1559	0.24	382	3350	1538	0.28	424
2^#	1515	0.21	316	1511	0.24	367	3320	1575	0.27	423
3^#	1524	0.21	318	1500	0.24	363	3230	1506	0.26	393
4^#	1506	0.21	311	1500	0.24	357	3400	1604	0.28	450

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表 5 不同成分TA15钛合金的室温准静态拉伸性能和临界动态力学性能对比

Table 5. Comparison of quasi-static tensile properties and critical dynamic properties for different compositions of TA15 titanium alloys

Alloy	Composition characteristics	Content of primary α phase	Lamella width of secondary α phase	Strength	Plasticity	Critical strain rate	E/(J·cm^–3)	ε	σ/MPa
1^# and 2^#	1^#：more Zr, Less O	Slight Less	Slight Lower	Slight Lower	Higher	Slight Higher	Slight Higher	Higher	Lower
2^# and 3^#	2^#：more Mo	Less	Lower	Higher	Lower	Higher	Higher	Higher	Higher
2^# and 4^#	4^#：more V and Al	Less	Lower	Higher	Lower	Higher	Higher	Higher	Higher
3^# and 4^#	4^#：more Al, Mo and V	Less	Lower	Higher	Lower	Higher	Higher	Higher	Higher

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