第三代镍基单晶高温合金大间隙钎焊接头的微观组织和力学性能

李可馨; 侯星宇; 王诗洋; 孙元; 陈立佳; 程陆凡; 王振江; 李寒松; 汤广全

doi:10.11868/j.issn.1005-5053.2021.000035

第三代镍基单晶高温合金大间隙钎焊接头的微观组织和力学性能

doi: 10.11868/j.issn.1005-5053.2021.000035

1.
沈阳工业大学材料科学与工程学院，沈阳 110870
2.
中国科学院金属研究所师昌绪先进材料创新中心，沈阳 110016
3.
中国航发商用航空发动机有限责任公司，上海 200241
4.
辽宁中科博研科技有限公司，沈阳 113122

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金青年项目（51801206）；国家科技重大专项项目.（J2019-VI-0018-0133）

详细信息

通讯作者:
孙元（1980—），女，博士，副研究员，主要从事高温合金制备、焊接及组织与性能演化规律研究，E-mail：yuansun@imr.ac.cn

中图分类号: TG454
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-03-04
- 修回日期: 2021-04-06
- 刊出日期: 2021-10-20

Microstructure and mechanical properties of wide gap brazing joint of the third-generation nickel-based single crystal superalloy

1.
School of Materials Science and Engineering，Shenyang University of Technology，Shenyang 110870，China
2.
Shi-changxu Innovation Center for Advanced Materials，Institute of Metal Research，Chinese Academy of Sciences，Shenyang 110016，China
3.
AECC Commercial Aircraft Engine Co.， Ltd.，Shanghai 200241，China
4.
Liaoning Zhongke Boyan Technology Co.，Ltd.，Shenyang 113122，China

摘要

摘要: 采用混合粉末钎料钎焊第三代含铼单晶高温合金，其中混合粉末钎料是利用球磨混粉方法将一种镍基粉末钎料和母材成分相同的高温合金粉混合制成。利用SEM和EPMA分析镍基钎料与高温合金粉配比对接头微观组织的影响，并对四种钎料的钎焊接头进行高温持久性能测试。结果表明：采用镍基钎料的焊缝和混合粉末钎料的焊缝中均存在γ-Ni、γ′、γ+γ′共晶、CrB、Ni₃B以及M₃B₂型硼化物，但混合粉末钎料的残留为熔化的球型高温合金；保持焊缝间隙不变，提高混合粉末钎料中高温合金粉末的配比，可以抑制焊缝中M₃B₂型硼化物和低熔点相的析出，且硼化物的分布变得更均匀，尺寸变得更小，提高了焊缝成分和组织的均匀性；3种接头的高温持久性能均优于纯钎料接头，当提升合金粉的比例由0%至50%时，接头的持久寿命由15 min提升至34 h，但当合金粉比例增加至60%时，接头中产生大量孔洞缺陷，导致持久寿命下降至4 h。
- 混合粉末钎料 /
- 大间隙钎焊 /
- 单晶高温合金 /
- 微观组织
Abstract: In this study, the third-generation rhenium containing single crystal superalloy was brazed by mixed powder filler, in which the mixed powder filler was consisted of nickel-based powder filler and the superalloy powder with the same composition of the base metal. SEM and EPMA were used to analyze the influence of the proportion of the third-generation single crystal superalloy powder in the mixed filler on the microstructure of the joint, and the high temperature stress rupture properties of the brazed joint with four kinds of solder were tested. The result indicates that the microstructures and phase compositions of the Ni-based powder filler and mixed powder filler are both consisted of γ-Ni, γ′, CrB, Ni₃B and M₃B₂ type boride, but the residue of the mixed powder filler is molten ball-type superalloy. With the thickness of brazing gap constant and increasing the ratio of the third-generation single crystal superalloy powder in the mixed filler, the precipitation of M₃B₂ type boride and low-melting point phases in the joint can be inhibited, and the distribution of borides becomes more uniform and the size becomes smaller, thus improving the uniformity of the composition and microstructure of the joint. When the proportion of alloy powder increased from 0% to 50%, the endurance life of the joint increased from 15 min to 34 hours. However, when the proportion of alloy powder increased to 60%, there are a lot of void defects in the joint, resulting in the endurance life of the joint decreased to 4 hours.
- mixed powder filler /
- wide gap brazing /
- single crystal superalloy /
- microstructure

HTML全文

图 1 JSNi-3钎料钎焊接头中各析出相的BSE图　（a）M₃B₂型硼化物和CrB；（b）γ-Ni+Ni₃B+CrB三元共晶组织和γ+γ′共晶

Figure 1. Back scattered electron（BSE）images of each phase in joint of JSNi-3 （a）M₃B₂ and CrB boride；（b）γ-Ni+Ni₃B+CrB ternary eutectic phase and γ+γ′ eutectic

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图 2 JSNi-3钎料钎焊接头组织中各析出相的XRD图谱

Figure 2. XRD patterns of each phase in joint of JSNi-3

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图 3 混合钎料钎焊三代镍基单晶高温合金接头的SEM图　（a），（b）JSNi-1接头；（c），（d）JSNi-2接头；（e），（f）JSNi-3接头；（g），（h）JSNi-4接头

Figure 3. SEM images of joint of the 3^rd generation nickel-based single crystal superalloy with mixed powder filler （a），（b）JSNi-1；（c），（d）JSNi-2；（e），（f）JSNi-3；（g），（h）JSNi-4

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图 4 JSNi-1、JSNi-2、JSNi-3和JSNi-4接头在980 ℃/100 MPa下持久断口形貌及各接头的持久寿命　（a）JSNi-1；（b）JSNi-2；（c）JSNi-3；（d）JSNi-4；（e）各接头的持久寿命

Figure 4. Rupture fracture morphologies of JSNi-1，JSNi-2，JSNi-3 and JSNi-4 joints at 980 ℃/100 MPa and stress rupture life of joints　（a）JSNi-1；（b）JSNi-2；（c）JSNi-3；（d）JSNi-4；（e）stress rupture life of joints

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图 5 60% 合金粉混合钎料（JSNi-4）接头缺陷形成机理 (a) 室温；（b）1200 ℃；（c）保温阶段；（d）降温阶段

Figure 5. Mechanism of defect formation in joint of mixed filler with 60% superalloy powder (a) room temperature；（b）1200 ℃；（c） holding stage；（d）cooling stage

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表 1 第三代镍基单晶高温合金与镍基钎料的成分（质量分数/%）

Table 1. Compositions of the 3rd generation nickel-based single crystal superalloy and Ni-based filler alloy（mass fraction/%）

Material	Co	Cr	W	Mo	Al	Ti+ Si	B	Re	Ni
3^rd single crystal superalloy	8-10	7-9	4-7	0-2	5-7	0.3-2	—	2-5	Bal
JSSNi60A	5-10	6-12	2-6	2-5	2-5	0.9-6	0.2-2.0	—	Bal

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表 2 混合粉末钎料的成分配比

Table 2. Composition ratio of the mixed powder filler alloy

Material	Ratio of mixed powder filler alloy （mass fraction/%）
JSNi-1	100%JSSNi60A
JSNi-2	70%JSSNi60A+30% alloy powder
JSNi-3	50%JSSNi60A+50% alloy powder
JSNi-4	40%JSSNi60A+60% alloy powder

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表 3 JSNi-3钎料钎焊接头组织中各析出相的电子探针（EPMA）成分（原子分数/%）

Table 3. Results of electron microprobe analysis（EPMA）of each phase in joint of JSNi-3 （atomic fraction/%）

Phase	B	Al	Ni	Co	Cr	W	Ta	Mo	Ti	Si
M₃B₂	42.1	—	14.6	5.5	17.7	14.9	1.1	3.2	0.9	—
CrB	31.5	—	6.3	4.3	40.6	7.6	1.5	6.8	1.4	—
Ni₃B	13.4	2.1	52.6	8.9	8.6	4.2	—	2	5.6	2.6
γ+γ′	—	9.3	62.4	8.9	10.2	2.1	1.5	—	3.2	2.4
γ-Ni	—	7.2	62.9	10.5	12.5	2.8	1.3	—	1.6	1.2

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表 4 JSNi-2接头断口成分分析（原子分数/%）

Table 4. Results of EDS of lumps in fracture morphology of JSNi-2 joint（atomic fraction / %）

Position	C	O	Ti	Co	Cr	Ni	Ta	Mo	W	Si	Al
Massive structure	7.06	32.76	0.45	15.85	2.26	6.51	8.75	3.37	22.99	—	—
Base metal	4.23	21.47	0.48	8.10	10.07	40.01	3.97	1.10	—	2.84	7.73

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