Effects of small addition of Sc on microstructure and mechanical properties of X2A66 alloy
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摘要: 通过力学性能测试与微观组织表征相结合的实验方法，研究Sc元素的添加对X2A66合金的微观组织演变以及力学性能影响规律。结果表明：在X2A66合金中添加质量分数为0.18%的Sc元素，可有效细化铸态合金晶粒尺寸；并形成尺寸较大的AlScZr或AlCuScZr初生相；提高铸态合金的过烧温度；与Al3Zr粒子相比，Al3（Sc，Zr）复合粒子的抑制再结晶的作用效果更佳，在后续的变形和热处理过程中使合金具有更小的晶粒尺寸，但AlCuSc和AlCuScFe相在后续热处理过程中不能完全溶解，从而损害了固溶态合金的力学性能。Abstract: The effects of Sc addition on the microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of X2A66 alloy were studied by the experimental methods of mechanical property test and microstructure characterization. The results indicate that adding 0.18% Sc element in the X2A66 alloy can effectively refine the grain size, and form the primary phase of AlScZr or AlCuScZr with larger size, and also increases the over firing temperature of the as-cast alloy. Compared with Al3Zr particles, Al3(Sc, Zr) composite particles have better effect on restraining recrystallization, and make the alloy have smaller grain size during the subsequent deformation and heat treatment. However, AlCuSc and AlCuScFe phases can not be completely dissolved in the subsequent heat treatment process, which damages the mechanical properties of the solid solution alloy.
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Key words:
- Al-Li alloy /
- trace Sc element /
- the second phase /
- grain structure /
- mechanical property
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图 1 铸态铝锂合金金相组织照片 （a）1#合金；（b）2#合金
Figure 1. Optical microstructures of as-cast Al-Li alloys （a）1# alloy；（b）2# alloy
图 2 铸态铝锂合金SEM组织照片 （a），（b）1#合金；（c），（d）2#合金
Figure 2. SEM microstructures of as-cast Al-Li alloys （a），（b）1# alloy；（c），（d）2# alloy
图 4 经均匀化处理后合金的金相组织照片 （a）1#合金；（b）2#合金
Figure 4. Optical microstructures of the alloys after homogenization treatment （a）alloy 1#；（b）alloy 2#
图 5 经均匀化处理后合金的晶粒直径尺寸分布 （a）1#合金；（b）2#合金
Figure 5. Distribution of grain diameter and size of alloys after homogenization treatment （a）1# alloy；（b）2# alloy
图 6 均匀化工艺处理后合金的SEM图 （a），（b）1#合金；（c），（d）2#合金
Figure 6. SEM micrographs of the alloys after homogenization treatment （a）1# alloy；（b）2# alloy
图 7 经固溶处理后试样的金相组织照片 （a）1#合金；（b）2#合金
Figure 7. Optical microstructures of samples after solution treatment （a）1# alloy；（b）2# alloy
图 8 固溶处理后试样的SEM图 （a），（b）1#合金；（c），（d）2#合金
Figure 8. SEM micrographs of samples after solution treatment （a）1# alloy；（b）2# alloy
图 9 经固溶处理后试样的透射电镜照片 （a）1#合金；（b）2#合金
Figure 9. TEM images of samples after solution treatment （a）1# alloy；（b）2# alloy
图 10 X2A66合金经固溶处理后试样的力学性能对比
Figure 10. Mechanical properties of X2A66 alloy after solution treatment
图 11 2#试样的室温拉伸测试断口形貌图（a）和第二相粒子的EDS测试结果（b）
Figure 11. Fracture morphology images（a）and result of EDS（b）of 2# sample
表 1 实验用铝锂合金的化学成分（质量分数/%）
Table 1. Chemical compositions of Al-Li alloys used in the experiments（mass fraction/%）
Alloy Cu Li Zn Mg Mn Sc Zr Fe Si Al 1# 3.59 1.53 0.51 0.43 0.29 — 0.10 0.042 0.025 Bal 2# 3.65 1.54 0.49 0.41 0.25 0.18 0.11 0.045 0.024 Bal 
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表 2 图2中所选4个区域的化学成分（质量分数/%）
Table 2. Chemical compositions of intermetallic phases in Fig.2（mass fraction/%）
Point Al Cu Mg Mn Fe Sc Zr 1 48.39 22.19 — 4.07 10.34 — — 2 76.12 22.09 1.08 — 0.71 — — 3 67.68 26.63 — — 0.51 3.87 1.31 4 79.49 19.01 0.98 — — 0.52 —
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