为有效提高2Cr13不锈钢表面大攻角固体粒子冲蚀(SPE)抗力,利用离子辅助电弧沉积技术在氮化预处理的2Cr13钢表面制备了不同结构、不同厚度的ZrN梯度涂层,研究了涂层结构和厚度对膜基结合强度、涂层显微硬度、韧性、动静态承载能力以及抗固体粒子冲蚀行为的影响。结果表明:将合理结构的ZrN梯度涂层与离子氮化有机复合,能够获得承载能力高、界面应力应变协调性好、结合强度高、强韧性配合合理,抗多冲疲劳和抗塑性流变性能优的复合改性层,其90°大攻角SPE抗力显著高于2Cr13不锈钢基材。ZrN梯度涂层的SPE抗力同时与涂层厚度密切相关,当ZrN梯度涂层较薄时,其协调变形能力及承载能力较低,在冲击载荷作用下容易出现脱层失效,因而SPE抗力较低;当ZrN梯度涂层太厚时,涂层韧性和内聚强度降低,内部残余应力较大,受外界冲击载荷作用时容易出现局部脱层,因此SPE抗力亦不高。

ZrN gradient coatings with different structure and thickness were prepared on nitrided 2Cr13 stainless steel surface by ion assisting arc deposition method for improving solid particle erosion(SPE) resistance of the steel at high impingement angle.The influence of ZrN gradient coating structure and thickness on bonding strength,micro-hardness,ductility,supporting capacity under static and dynamical load conditions and the SPE behaviors of the coatings was investigated.The results show that the duplex surface treatment layer with high supporting capacity,continuous interface stress and strain distribution,good bonding strength,reasonable strength and toughness,and excellent plastic deformation resistance and multi-impact fatigue resistance are obtained by combined suitable ZrN gradient coating with plasma nitriding.The SPE resistance of the 2Cr13 martensite stainless steel substrate is significantly improved by the duplex surface treatment layer at 90° impingement angle.The SPE resistance of the ZrN gradient coatings is also related to the coating thickness.The thin ZrN gradient coatings have low SPE resistance because these coatings have poor coordinate deformation capacity and supporting capacity,meanwhile these coatings are easily detached from substrate under impact load.The thick ZrN gradient coatings also have low SPE resistance because these coatings have low toughness and poor adhesion strength and high residual stress,which easily result in these coatings local breaking off from the substrate under impact load.